Soci 301-Lecture 2

Question 1

Sex

Answer 1

-biological difference between females and males

Question 2

primary sex characteristics

Answer 2

-genitalia used in the reproduction

Question 3

secondary sex characteristics

Answer 3

• the physical traits that identify an individual’s sex

- “breasts and beards”

Question 4

gonads

Answer 4

-sex glands

Question 5

Names of Sex Researchers (3)

Answer 5

1) Alfred Kinsey
2) Masters and Johnson (late 1950s through 1990s)
3) Janus and Janus

Question 6

Who did Masters and Johnson use in their studies?

Answer 6

-they used volunteers, some of whom were prostitutes (especially in the earlier studies)

Question 7

Is there a lot of research available on the development of human sexual orientation?

Answer 7

• not a lot, but it is growing

Question 8

sexual dysfunction

Answer 8

-a problem with sexual functioning

Question 9

organic factors

Answer 9

-include physical problems such as illnesses, side effects from medication, the effects of surgeries, physical disabilities and the use of drugs

Question 10

sociocultural factors

Answer 10

-sexual attitudes and behavior can be a source of psychological stress

Question 11

psychological factors

Answer 11

-include psychological problems, such as low self-esteem, anxiety over performance of the sex act, depression, self-consciousness about one’s body image, anxiety disorders, or a history of previous sexual abuse or assault

Question 12

paraphilia (atypical sexual behavior)

Answer 12

-unusual sexual arousal

Question 13

fetishism

Answer 13

-unusual sexual interest in an object

Question 14

exhibitionism

Answer 14

-exposing non-clothed parts

Question 15

voyeurism

Answer 15

-sexual arousal through watching other people

Question 16

frotteurism

Answer 16

-sexually aroused through rubbing up against an unwilling person usually in a crowded place

Question 17

necrophilia

Answer 17

-sexual arousal from interacting with a corpse

Question 18

transvestism

Answer 18

-sexual arousal from wearing the clothing of the opposite sex

Question 19

gender

Answer 19

-social characteristics for masculinity or femininity

Question 20

gender stereotypes

Answer 20

-strongly held ideas of the characteristics of men and women

Question 21

sexism

Answer 21

-prejudice about males and/or females

Question 22

differential socialization

Answer 22

no two people are raised the same

Question 23

How widespread is the influence of gender on all human interactions?

Answer 23

-very widespread

Question 24

What shapes our interaction patterns?

Answer 24

-location in society

Question 25

impression management

Answer 25

-people create specific images

Question 26

two worlds approach

Answer 26

-women and men do gender differently because they have been socialized

Question 27

gender perspective approach

Answer 27

-gender is not a stable property

Question 28

individual dimension

Answer 28

-how a person learns gender

Question 29

interactional dimension

Answer 29

-the ways in which people do gender

Question 30

institutional dimension

Answer 30

-the ways that gender is organized in institutions

Question 31

socio-cultural dimension:

Answer 31

-overall approach

Question 32

What drives social life?

Answer 32

-biological imperatives

Question 33

What are instrumental tasks?

Answer 33

-tasks carried out outside the home

Question 34

What are expressive tasks?

Answer 34

-tasks carried out inside the home

Question 35

Why is marriage important in structural-functionalism?

Answer 35

-foundational institution for making and raising babies

Question 36

feminism

Answer 36

-belief that women and men are equal

Question 37

liberal feminism

Answer 37

-inequality caused by a lack of equal opportunity

Question 38

socialist feminism

Answer 38

-gender is a source of social inequality

Question 39

radical feminism

Answer 39

-equality between the sexes can be achieved through the abolition of male supremacy

Question 40

gendered order

Answer 40

-differential treatment individuals are accorded because of their sex

Question 41

gender identity

Answer 41

-the self and their sense of masculinity and femininity

Question 42

gender socialization

Answer 42

-the process of acquiring a gendered identity

Question 43

Why do issues relating to sex and gender matter?

Answer 43

-because all societies regulate sexual activity

Question 44

Names of the researchers who studied sexual behavior (3)

Answer 44

- Alfred Kinsey - Masters and Johnson - Janus and Janus

Question 45

List 2 of 3 of the factors for sexual dysfunctions

Answer 45

- organic factors - sociocultural factors - psychological factors

Question 46

List 2 of the forms of Feminism (4)

Answer 46

- liberal feminism - socialist feminism - radical feminism - maternal feminism