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SOC388 > SOC388 - 8. Zerubavel > Flashcards

SOC388 - 8. Zerubavel Flashcards

1
Q

Cognitive Sociology

A

Studies way we think

Studied with Goffman

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2
Q

Cognitive Sociology

A

Social structure in an abstract way

Interested in understanding perception of time (how we experience time)

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3
Q

Cognitive Sociology

A

Interested in attention, perception, classifications (categories), memory (things we learn to remember), identity, meaning (how we construct it and how it shapes our behavior.

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4
Q

Cognitive Sociology

A

Physiological foundation

Brain attain particular patterns in particular contexts

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5
Q

Cognitive Sociology

A

Extent to which patterns in thinking are universal (either through physiology or culturally)
Cognitive sociologists study how groups of people construct the culture that mediates meaning for people

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6
Q

Cognitive Sociology

A

How ideas we share mediate our behavior, interactions, social structure
Culture: ideas we share within our group

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7
Q

Normative Dimension of Thinking

A

Sensation in form of emotion can have cultural scripts

Emotion expression regulation - what we are allowed to show and how we express it

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8
Q

Normative Dimension of Thinking

A

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9
Q

Sociomental Conventions

A

Mental norms shared by people

Understanding of cognition:

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10
Q

Sociomental Conventions

A

Individual level – learn about narratives focused around individuals (Einstein)
Western understanding

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11
Q

Sociomental Conventions

A

Thinking is so inherently social so the demarcation between individual + social thinking should be blurred

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12
Q

Sociomental Conventions

A

No one thinks in a vacuum, innovators in history took ideas and were influenced by their context
Minds are not tabla rasa

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13
Q

Sociomental Conventions

A

Universal Level: patterns in brain shared by all human animals
Social Level: patterns shared by a social group
Group can be large or small

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14
Q

Sociomental Conventions

A

In between individual and universal

Insofar as thinking is shaped by norms, thinking is never just individual or universal

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15
Q

Sociomental Conventions

A

Need to pay attention to universal patterns of thinking – forms basis of studying changes
When we have categories, we tend to focus on similarities – job interviews

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16
Q

Sociomental Conventions

A

Function: Allows us to predict things – focus on differences of job interviews we would not be able to prepare – creates anxiety

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17
Q

Cognitive Socialization

A

We are socialized to think in particular ways

Socialized to pay selective attention, memory

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18
Q

Cognitive Socialization

A

Ignoring is just as important as paying attention to something – used to think it’s a passive thinking process
Not paying attention to an embarrassing moment – tact – active decision

19
Q

Cognitive Socialization

A

Socialized to look at faces when we speak to each other, not socialized to pay attention to ears
We feel uncomfortable when they are looking at other body parts

20
Q

Cognitive Socialization

A

Different sexes:

Idea that was prevalent before – presumed 2 mutually exclusive category

21
Q

Cognitive Socialization

A

Back then these two sexes weren’t distinguished, used to focus on similarity
Then we looked at differences and morphology

22
Q

Cognitive Socialization

A

Kinds of things we visually and cognitively focus on (similarities and differences)

23
Q

Cognitive Socialization

A

Primary socialization – learn from parents on what we are supposed to ignore and not talk about
Some ideas are intersubjective and some are different

24
Q

Cognitive Repertoire

A

All the patterns of thinking that we get from our groups that makes us who we are

25
Q

Cognitive Repertoire

A

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26
Q

Web Of Sociomental Affiliations

A

We belong to different groups with different patterns of thinking
Simmel

27
Q

Web Of Sociomental Affiliations

A

Each group is a sociomental affiliation
Web refers to that fact that there’s a lot of them
Explains the complexity in thinking patterns

28
Q

Web Of Sociomental Affiliations

A

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29
Q

Thought Communities

A

Belong to many thought communities
Similarity with Durkheim’s collective consciousness
Thought communities constitute our web of sociomental affiliations which in turn constitute our cognitive repertoire

30
Q

Thought Communities

A

Kuhn – historian of science

Scientific revolutions which change ideas over time

31
Q

Thought Communities

A

Happens when we encounter increasing number of problems using a theory to explain a phenomenon it results in a paradigm shift

32
Q

Thought Communities

A

More epistemological change

Look more at relations of difference – makes us foreground things that are different

33
Q

Thought Communities

A

Sociologists see social structure, deviance, bureaucracy which are abstract concepts others don’t see
Trained to focus on normative and collective

34
Q

Thought Communities

A

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35
Q

Islands of Meaning

A

Once we have the term, we can identify a specific phenomenon (deviance)
Categories create meaning

36
Q

Islands of Meaning

A

Once you have a concept (deviance), it creates an island of meaning that we place phenomenon in

37
Q

Islands of Meaning

A

Three ways of thinking – vary across cultures
Some are more rigid, more fuzzy or flexible ways
Also variations within a culture

38
Q

Rigid/Fuzzy/Flexible Mindedness

A

Normative – socialized into thinking in rigid, fuzzy or flexible terms
Rigid: categorical, either/or, traditional, fundamentalists (orthodox Judaism)

39
Q

Rigid/Fuzzy/Flexible Mindedness

A

Gender
Concerned with boundaries, mental purity
Religion and bureaucracy

40
Q

Rigid/Fuzzy/Flexible Mindedness

A

Fuzzy: active aversion to boundaries
Intimacy – boundaries between selves are blurred
Share personal space, ideas, belongings

41
Q

Rigid/Fuzzy/Flexible Mindedness

A

Plays – fluidity between acceptable and unacceptable
Fluidity – move in and out
Art

42
Q

Rigid/Fuzzy/Flexible Mindedness

A

Don’t see diff clearly

Flexible: Both/and logic

43
Q

Rigid/Fuzzy/Flexible Mindedness

A

Postmodern
Good and bad
See the distinction, but don’t mind it

44
Q

Rigid/Fuzzy/Flexible Mindedness

A

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SOC388 (7 decks)

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