SOC test 9 Flashcards
Civil war time period:
1850-1870
“Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent…”, What is this speech called and who wrote it ?
President A. Lincoln’s’ Gettysburg Address
What was the South’s national anthem?
Dixie
Who said, “This momentous
question, like a firebell in
the night, awakened me
and filled me with terror.”?
Thomas Jefferson
What is one of the songs for the north?
BATTLE CRY OF FREEDOM
What had begun to take hold in America?
Sectionalism
What is Sectionalism?
Sectionalism is the loyalty to a region.
How did the North and south become so different?
In the north Industry had boomed and manufacturing took hold while in the south agriculture was the main economic driving force.
Industry in the north and agriculture in the south.
The two regions had grown apart on ideas of national unity and what issue.
States rights
What question became the main subject of debate in Washington and especially regarding its use in the newly acquired territories?
SLAVERY
What did the slavery question lead to?
To many debates and compromises which
ultimately left both sides (N. and S.) untrusting and
unhappy with the other.
What did the southern states fear?
They feared that due to A Lincoln’s “abolitionists” ideals that if he became prez. they would have to secede from the union.
in 1860 who was elected for prez?
Lincoln
Due to Lincoln being elected what were the southern states that seceded?
south Carolina secedes followed
by Miss, Fla, Ala, Georgia, Lo, and Texas.
What country was formed in the south and where was their capital?
The Confederate states of America was formed AKA the CSA, the capital was Richmond Virginia
Who was the CSA’s first and last elected prez?
Jefferson Davis
What was drawn up in the south, what was guaranteed to all CSA states, what was formed?
The southern constitution was formed. Slavery was guaranteed to all CSA states. the CSA army was also formed.
In1863 what happened in Virginia?
West Virginia broke away from Virginia to join the Union.
Union description:
States free of slavery, AKA USA, the north
Confederate description:
States that seceded from the USA and in which slavery is legal. AKA: the confederate states of America, CSA, Rebels, The grey
Border States description:
States which continue to allow slavery to exist, but which have not seceded from the USA, support the union in war.
What does Lincoln do with the south when they seceded?
the pleaded for them to come back
In April 12,1861 what happened at union fort Sumter (SC)?
Union Fort Sumter (SC) is attacked and taken by
CSA forces.
Who is made commander of the CSA forces?
Former US general Robert E. Lee (Virg.)
After everything the CSA had done what is the union forced to do?
mobilize for war
What was Lincolns ultimate goal?
Lincoln’s ultimate goal was to reunite the nation and preserve the
Union. (Not ending slavery)
Where is the war fought and what happens to the secession states?
The war is fought on both land and sea and the Secession states will be brought back
What does the Union immediately do in the start of the war?
The union immediately blockades all CSA ports. (CSS Hunley)
The Union Army however well equipped and larger than that of the
CSA were what?
Inexperienced and failed to quickly win the war.
The CSA was lacking in manufacturing but what did they have?
Had well
trained/motivated and led troops fighting on home territory.
What did both sides of the war realize?
the war would not be short but long and drawn
out.
What did both Union and the Confederates have throughout out the war?
stunning victories and
suffered horrific defeats.
What were extremely high on both sides of the war and what was lacking on both sides that caused minor wounds to often be fatal?
casualties we high on both sides and medical care was also lacking so minor wounds would prove to be fatal.
Due to industrialization what happened to weapons both on sea and on land?
they became more deadly.
What did both sides continually try to do?
Each side continually tried to turn the tide of the war in its favor.
When was the emancipation proclamation?
1863
What was Lincolns original reason for fighting the war and not to free the slaves?
His original reason was to preserve the union
Why did Lincoln never call the CSA the CSA?
he did not call them the CSA because he did not want to recognize them as a separate country .
What did Lincoln fear about the Boarder states?
He feared the border states which had slavery but remained
loyal to the Union would secede.
What did he not believe would be reason enough for the the north to fight for.
He did not
believe the anti-slavery cause would be reason enough for
Northerners to fight for.
What did Lincoln believe personally about slavery?
Personally, Lincoln abhorred slavery but knew he couldn’t
make the war a “moral crusade”.
Instead what did the proclamation do? And what did this move do?
Personally, Lincoln abhorred slavery but knew he couldn’t
make the war a “moral crusade”. This is a psychological move on Lincoln’s part to demoralize
and instill fear in the South (it works).
What happens towards the end of the war in the CSA and in the union?
in the CSA they are slowly running out of supplies and men while the union actually grew in size due to new immigrants and produced more than enough weapons, ships and supplies.
What did the north also allow in the end?
The North also allowed African Americans to enlist in
separate units, some of which fought with distinction. (The
54th Ma.)
By 1865 what happens in Richmond?
Union forces led by Gen. Ulysses S. Grant capture
Richmond, VA (the Capital of the CSA). Most of the South is
occupied by Union forces
In april 1865 what happens at Appomattox court house?
Robert E Lee surrenders the CSA Army to
Union forces
The war officially ends, how many Americans died and what happened to the south? What doe the US Govt start doing?
600,000 Americans die and much of
the South was destroyed physically, emotionally. The US Govt starts to rebuild.
Uncrupulous northerners (carpetbaggers) head south to make what?
to make their fortunes.
What does a.L want to give to all secession states at the end of the war.
to give amnesty to all secession states
“All is forgiven, we are all Americans”
At the end of the war what does the country must focus on?
Rebuildng the nation in a perod of reconstruction.
What Amendments are ratified at the end of the war?
The 13, 14, and 15th Amendments
13th amendment -
Abolishes and outlaws slavery in America.
14th amendment -
All natural born Americans are citizens.
15th amendment -
Grants voting rights for all citizens .
What does Lincoln begin doing at the end of the war?
to rebuild the country physically, politically, and
economically.
What happens to Lincoln in march 1865?
Abe Lincoln is assassinated by radical Southerner John Wilkes
Booth in march 1865.
What is granted to all CSA soldiers and where are they sent?
All former CSA soldiers are granted amnesty and sent home.
by 1870 what happens to all the secession states?
all secession states are readmitted into the union
when does reconstruction come to an end?
1880
After the war has ended :
The country is rebuilt, industry shapes our future, cities began to
grow as millions of immigrants began arriving from Europe. The country starts to look towards settling the West.
Nort comparisson:
.Abe Lincoln
.Cold Winters
.large cities
.many railroads
.immigrants
.industry
.textiles
.iron
South comparison
.Jefferson Davis
.Long growing seasons
.agriculture based
.slave labor
.plantations
.Indigo
.Cotton/cottongin
Cotton gin:
Made to make people think that slaves were a bad idea. Increased slave labor and increased production of raw cotton.
North advantages
Larger pop. and better resources
South advantages:
Excellent military and strong fighting spirit
North goals:
Restore the union, invading the south, force the breakaway states to give up their sovereignty
South goals:
Establish itself as an independent country and fight hard enough and long enough to convince the north that it is not worth it.
Confederate strategies:
Get support from the British and French, defensive war, and capture Washington DC.
Union Strategies:
Blockade southern ports, gain control of the miss., capture capital.
What was Sherman’s strategy when he burned and destroyed the southern land?
Shermans strategy was to show the south the horrors of war, terror, starvation, and violence. This is called total war.
What was Grant’s terms at appommatox court house?
The terms were Lee’s soldiers could keep their firearms, the officers could keep their horses, and no one would be disturbed as the army made their way home.
What did the fall of Richmond, the surrender at appomattox, Shermans march to the sea do?
They all led to to the end of the war.
Why was the red badge of courage so real?
Red badge of courage was not describing the battle on any sides. It described the battle like how all battles really are in the eyes of a soldier, bloody, loud, and horrific mess. the battle was a fight for survival and the only was to ensure your survival was to make your opponet stop firing, even if it meant ending their life.
