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Emergency Medicine > Smoke inhalation > Flashcards

Smoke inhalation Flashcards

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Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

Parenchymal injury

A
  • Injury to lung tissue which is usually delayed
  • Alveolar collapse
  • Risk of pneumonia
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2
Q

Systemic toxicity 2 most relevant gases?

A

CO and Cyanide

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3
Q

What does cyanide smell like?

A

Almonds

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4
Q

How much more affinity to hgb does CO bind?

A

260 x

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5
Q

What gas can lead to myocardial ischemia?

A

CO poisoning

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6
Q

What are the two arteries that supply blood to the brain?

A

Internal carotid and Vertebral Basilar Arteries

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7
Q

acute neurologic injury that occurs as the result of the interrupted blood flow to the brain

A

Stroke

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8
Q

4 subtypes of ischemic stroke?

A
  • Thrombotic
  • Embolic
  • Systemic hypoperfusion
  • Narrowing of lumen
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9
Q

Risk factors of stroke?

A

HTN, atherosclerosis and age

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10
Q

TIA

A

transient episode of neurologic dysfunction caused by focal brain, spinal cord, or retinal ischemia, without acute infarction

** NO acute infarction

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11
Q

defined as neurological dysfunction caused by focal brain, spinal cord, or retinal ischemia with infarction (tissue death) of

A

CVA

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12
Q

Only way to differentiate between hemorrhagic and ischemic?

A

MRI

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13
Q

2 types of hemorrhagic stroke?

A

Intracerebral - directly into brain tissue

Subarachnoid hemmorange - subarachnoid space

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14
Q

Difference between intracerebral and SAH?

A

Intracerebral symptoms onset is slower

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15
Q

Tx for stroke?

A

O2 and resp rate

Flat position for 24 hours

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16
Q

Blood pressure management?

A

Lower by 15% if above 220/120

17
Q

What are you using for BP lowering?

A

Labetolol

Monitor BP every 15 minutes

18
Q

Dispo?

A

MEDEVAC

19
Q

Layers of the aorta?

A
  • Intima
  • Media
  • Adventitia
20
Q

Risk factors for AAA?

A

SMOKERS

Family history

21
Q

Classic findings for AAA?

A

(a) Abdominal pain often located in the flank.
(b) Hip pain, tenesmus, urinary symptoms have also been described.
(c) Can present with limb ischemia (reduced blood flow distally).
(d) Classic triad of AAA is pain, hypotension and pulsatile mass.

22
Q

Classic triad of AAA?

A

severe pain, hypotension and pulsatile mass

23
Q

Imaging for AAA?

A

US

CT - gold standard

24
Q

Tx for AAA?

A

IV - ONLY enough to maintain perfusion
O2
Monitor
Pain control

Emergency Medicine (13 decks)

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