Dive

Question 1

dysbarism?

Answer 1

changes in ambient pressure

• leads to decompression syndrome and gas toxicities

Question 2

SIPE onset

Answer 2

within 10 minutes of swim/dive, worsening on ascent

Question 3

Reflex inspiratory efforts

Answer 3

leading to hypoxemia by means of either aspiration or reflex laryngospasm that occurs when water contacts the lower respiratory tract

Question 4

major component of morbidity and mortality being related to with regards to near drowning?

Answer 4

cerebral hypoxia

Question 5

Poor prognosis near drowning

Answer 5

(a) Duration of submersion >5 minutes (most critical factor)
(b) Time to effective basic life support >10 minutes
(c) Resuscitation duration >25 minutes
(d) Age >14 years
(e) Glasgow coma scale <5 (i.e., comatose)
(f) Persistent apnea and requirement of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the emergency department
(g) Arterial blood pH <7.1 upon presentation

Question 6

Sipe recovery position?

Answer 6

Patients should be kept upright if they are conscious

Question 7

How soon do DCS symptoms occur?

Answer 7

1-6 hours….not abrupt

rarely 24-48hrs

Question 8

What can cause hypercapnia

Answer 8

Decreased respiratory drive such as hypothermia or stroke

Question 9

POIS, mediastinal emphysema?

Answer 9

Mediastinum

Question 10

SubQ emphysema?

Answer 10

Crackles, rice crisps around neck

Question 11

positition for dcs and age?

Answer 11

supine