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Emergency Medicine > Review > Flashcards

Review Flashcards

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Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

Chemical eye injury procedure?

A

Remove irritant
Irrigate

Erythromycin Ophthalmic
Ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan)

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2
Q

3 initial meds to reduce pressure?

A

Acetazolamide
Timolol
Prednisolone

Pilocarpine after initial tx was started

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3
Q

Most common area of orbital fracture?

A

Medial floor

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4
Q

Trauma to face and eye region, decreased visual acuity, painful proptosis

A

Bulbar hematoma

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5
Q

How is bulbar hematoma diagnosed?

A

CT

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6
Q

retrobulbar hematoma with vision loss or increased IOP?

A

MEDEVAC for canthotomy

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7
Q

retinal occlusion tx?

A

Gentle masssage

Nitro

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8
Q

UV keratitis

A

1-6 hours (Latent)
Photophobia
Painful

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9
Q

UV keratitis tx?

A

Pain med
Lube dops
Erythromycin

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10
Q

Naloxone tx duration?

A

30-60min

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11
Q

Naloxone dose?

A

.2 - 2.0

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12
Q

Activated charcoal give?

A

Within 1 hour

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13
Q

Most common drug for anticholinergic?

A

Benadryl

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14
Q

Does the patient sweat on anticholinergic?

A

No

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15
Q

EKG finding for anticholinergic?

A

Sinus Tach

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16
Q

3 receptors of opioids?

A

Mu, Kappa, delta

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17
Q

Which receptor is the most important in our TG?

A

Mu

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18
Q

Sympathomimetics are different from anticholinergics due to?

A

Sweating, some pupillary response, aggressive agitative state

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19
Q

What do you not give for cocaine?

A

Beta Blockers

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20
Q

Symptoms for salyciclates?

A

Look up

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21
Q

What drug is used for Tylenol overdose?

A

NAC

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22
Q

When is peak time to draw blood work for Tylenol overdose?

A

4 hours

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23
Q

Organophosphates/Nerve agents symptoms?

A 
Cholinergic Effects (No sympathetic response)
S
L
U
D
G
E
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24
Q

Primary treatment for these nerve agents?

A

Atropine

then add Pralidoxime -2-PAM

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25
Q

How do you know if the atropine is working?

A

Mucus secretions dry up

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26
Q

Classic - progression - life threatening for anaphylaxis

A

look up

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27
Q

Epi is given how often?

A

5-10 min

28
Q

Anaphylaxis is what type of shock?

A

Distributive

29
Q

Left coronary artery feeds?

A

look up

30
Q

Right coronary artery feeds?

A

look up

31
Q

First treatment for ACS?

A

A B Cs

32
Q

Risk factors for DVT?

A

THRAMBOSIS

33
Q

Pulmonary Embolism imaging>

A

Helical diagnosis

34
Q

Essentials for DKA?

A

(1) Hyperglycemia > 250 mg/dL
(2) Acidosis with blood pH < 7.3
(3) Serum bicarbonate < 15 mEq/L
(4) Serum positive for ketones

35
Q

What’s being released into the blood from rhabdo?

A

CK and myoglobin

36
Q

What complicates the kidneys with rhabdo?

A

Myoglobin

37
Q

4 categories of shock?

A

Cardiogenic
Obstructive - embolism, pnuemo, tamponade
Distributive - Anaphylaxis, sepsis, neurogenic
Hypovolemic

38
Q

Treatment for sepsis?

A

Ertapenem

39
Q

Distributive

A

Reduction in systemic resistance

40
Q

Affinity for CO

A

260x

41
Q

Carboxihemaglobin

A

CO combining with hemoglobin

42
Q

Stroke Categories?

A

Ischemic and hemorrhagic

43
Q

TIA difference?

A

No acute infarction

44
Q

(1) Increased ICP can lead to hypoventilation

A

Ok

45
Q

Position for stroke?

A

Flat (0-15degrees)

46
Q

(2) Elevated CO2 in brain dilates vessels, which can increase ICP even more
(a) No evidence that hyperventilation helps

A

OK

47
Q

(b) Do not lower it acutely as it may be the only thing maintaining adequate perfusion
1) UNLESS pressure is above systolic of 220 and/or diastolic of 120 in which case you should lower the pressure by 15%

A

OK

48
Q

Size of aorta?

A

<3cm

49
Q

Layers of aorta?

A

Intima
Media
Adventitia

50
Q

Classic triad of aorta?

A

pain, hypotension and pulsatile mass.

51
Q

Gold standard for AAA?

A

CT

52
Q

Routine imaging for AAA?

A

US

53
Q

Poor prognosis for near drowning?

A 
>5 min submersion
GCS <5
10 minutes time to effective life support
25 min of CPR
persistent apnea
pH <7.1
54
Q

Prophylaxis for bites?

A

Augmentin

55
Q

Tx for vibrio?

A

Doxy

56
Q

PCN allergy?

A

Clindamycin + floroquinolones

57
Q

Hymenoptera

A

insects that includes ants, bees, and wasps.

58
Q

Tx for stinger?

A

1) Scrape away the stinger in a horizontal fashion.

2) Try not to grasp the stinger sac.

59
Q

Scorpions sx?

A

Neuro

PE

60
Q

How is heat stroke differentiated?

A

Altered mental status

61
Q

Stop cooling at 101

A

exhaustion

62
Q

Stop cooling at 102

A

stroke

63
Q

Chilblains tx

A

Prevention is key

64
Q

Contaminated water tx?

A

Cephalexin or Clindamycin
Metro
Doxy

65
Q

What temp range are we trying to resuscitate a patient to from being extremely cold?

A

90 - 95

Emergency Medicine (13 decks)

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