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Y1 AHW > small ruminants > Flashcards

small ruminants Flashcards

1
Q

what do you call a group of sheep

A

flock

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2
Q

what do you call a group of goats

A

herd

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3
Q

what do you call a group of llamas/alpacas

A

herd

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4
Q

what do you call a group of deer

A

herd

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5
Q

what do you call and adult female sheep

A

ewe

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6
Q

what do you call and adult female goat

A

nanny/doe

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7
Q

what do you call and adult female llama/alpaca

A

female/maiden

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8
Q

what do you call and adult female deer

A

hind

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9
Q

what do you call and adult entire male sheep

A

ram/tup

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10
Q

what do you call and adult entire male goat

A

billy/buck

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11
Q

what do you call and adult entire male llama/alpaca

A

stud/male

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12
Q

what do you call and adult entire male deer

A

stag

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13
Q

what do you call a castrated male sheep

A

wether

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14
Q

what do you call a castrated male goat

A

wether

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15
Q
A
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16
Q

what do you call a castrated male llama/alpaca

A

wether/gelding

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17
Q

what do you call a castrated male deer

A

havier

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18
Q

what do you call a young sheep

A

lamb

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19
Q

what do you call a young goat

A

kid

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20
Q

what do you call a young llama/alpaca

A

cria

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21
Q

what do you call a young deer

A

fawn

22
Q

what do you call the meat of a sheep

A

lamb/mutton

23
Q

what do you call the meat of a goat

A

kid/goat

24
Q

what do you call the meat of a llama/alpaca

A

alpaca

25
Q

what do you call the meat of a deer

A

venison

26
Q

what is the main fibre of importance economically of sheep

A

wool

27
Q

what is the main fibre of importance economically of goats

A

cashmere
mohair (angora goats)

28
Q

what is the main fibre of importance economically of camelids

A

wool

29
Q

scientific name of sheep

A

ovine

30
Q

scientific name of goats

A

caprine

31
Q

scientific name of llama/alpaca

A

camelid

32
Q

scientific name of deer

A

cervine

33
Q

where are common injection sites in camelids

A
  • blood sampling and IV meds = jugular vein (can also use cephalic and saphenous for blood samples
  • SQ in skin fold at axilla or cranial to shoulder
  • IM in quadriceps, semitendinosis/semimembranosus or triceps
34
Q

when do lambs go to slaughter

A

half their adult weight (around 40 kg)

35
Q

how do you make a pregnancy diagnosis

A
  • lack of heat
  • ultrasound
  • abdominal palpation
  • oesterone sulphate (after 50 days) useful to test on milk
  • camelids will spit off
36
Q

list methods of assisted breeding

A
  • ram/boar effect (introducing ram/boar to flock or teasing with infertile male/pheremone rag)
  • sponges (progesterone impregnated sponge)
  • melatonin inplants (advance breeding season so can be bred out of season)
  • AI
  • embryo transfer
  • semen collection (for AI or assess fertility)
37
Q

what is fecundity

A

numbers of young produced per female mated

38
Q

what is fertility

A

number of ewes lambed per ewe mated (or goat kidded)

39
Q

describe the important considerations and actions for each stage of pregnancy

A

early preg (first 6 weeks): keep stress to a minimum due to implantation
mid pregnancy (day 40-100): maintain bodyweight, no sudden changes as the placenta develops. if too fat can loose bcs
scan for accurate foetal membranes at day 50-100: allows twin/triplet ewes to be fed up. no extra feed necessary for single ewes, barren ewes can be sold.
late pregnancy (last 6 weeks): nutrition crucial to cope with 80% of fetal growth, development of mammary tissue and reduction of voluntary food intake as rumen capacity is reduced

40
Q

what age do camelids reach puberty

A

males: as early as 6 months of age. used for breeding from 3 years old
females: as early as 10 months of age. breeding startwhen reached at least 60% adult body weight

41
Q

what small ruminant species are induced ovulators

A

camelids. they dont have a true oestrus cycle
female is always potentially receptive. flexible to suit weather conditions

42
Q

how many offspring do camelids give birth to per pregnancy

A

1
gestation: 11 months
crias usually born before 4 pm

43
Q

what is the best time for camelids to conceive

A

20-30 days post partum

44
Q

what is spitting off behaviour

A

female camelids rejecting males advances because they have already conceived. behaviour occurs at weekly intervals after mating and PD confirmed by US

45
Q

when do deer rut and how does the behaviour of a stag change during rut

A

autumn
- get aggressive
- do not eat and will loose BCS

46
Q

name different breeds of hill flock sheep

A
  • scotish blackface (65kg ewe)
  • swaledale (64 kg ewe)
  • welsh mountain (45kg ewe)
  • cheviot (64 kg ewe)
  • herdwick (40kg ewe)
47
Q

name different breeds of upland sheep

A
  • bluefaced leicester (80kg ewe)
  • border leicester (90kg ewe)
  • wensleydale (100kg ewe)
48
Q

name some upland lowland crossbreeds

A
  • scottish halfbred (70kg ewe)
  • mule (73kg ewe)
  • greyface (70kg ewe)
49
Q

name some lowland sheep breeds

A
  • suffolk (85kg ewe)
  • texel (87kg)
  • oxford down (100kg)
  • charolais (90kg)
  • dorset horn (85kg)
  • clun forest (73kg)
  • romney marsh (75kg)
50
Q

list routine goat procedures

A
  • disbudding
  • hoof trimming
  • castration (rubber rings within 1 week of birth, 24 hours after birth)
  • ear tagging (both ears, law rewuirement)
  • oral drenching
  • vaccines
51
Q

what are the regulations around taggin livestock

A

cattle:

Y1 AHW (14 decks)

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