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RUSVM Spec Species > Small Rodents > Flashcards

Small Rodents Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: Mice, rats, gerbils and hamsters have open-rooted incisors only.

A

True

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2
Q

How long do “Pocket Pets” (mice/rats/hamsters) live?

A

2-3 years

They have a high rate of cancer

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3
Q

When do pocket pets become sexually mature?

A

at 10 weeks

they have short gestation periods and large litters

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4
Q

Rats are monogastric omnivores with a ______ stomach

A

Rats are monogastric omnivores with a divided stomach

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5
Q

A client brings her rat in because it is “crying blood”. After your PE, you note no abnormalities. What do you tell the owner?

A

The “blood tears” are porphyrin, a normal pigment of rat tears that looks red.

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6
Q

T/F: Proteinuria and enlarged adrenals are normal in rats

A

True

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7
Q

What type of activity/foraging behavior do rats exhibit?

A

Nocturnal

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8
Q

What 2 tumors do we commonly see in rats?

A

Pituitary tumors

Mammary gland tumors

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9
Q

T/F: Spaying lessens the chance of a rat developing a mammary or pituitary tumor.

A

True

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10
Q

How do we diagnose a pituitary tumor in a rat?

How do we treat it?

A

Diagnose: CT or Clincal Signs (neuro signs - splay leg, head tilt)

Tx: Prednisone and Cabergoline

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11
Q

T/F: Mammary Gland Tumors are more common in male rats than female rats.

A

False

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12
Q

Locally aggressive fibroadenomas are a common MGT in rats. What percent of MGT are Adenocarcinomas?

A

<10%

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13
Q

What approaches are used for spaying and neutering rats?

A

Spay: Abdominal or Flank

Neuter: Abdominal (less likely to abscess) or Scrotal

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14
Q

Bacterial and viral respiratory tract disease is common in rats. They are both difficult to diagnose and treat. What is the #1 bacterial pathogen we see?

A

Mycoplasma pulmonis

We also see Streptococcus pneumoniae, sendai virus, sialodacryoadenitis virus

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15
Q

How do we treat respiratory disease in the rat?

A

Long term abx

reduce stress

proper ventilation

tympanic bulla drainage

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16
Q

What drugs are used to treat Mycoplasmai and Strep?

A

Enrofloxacin

Doxycycline

Azithromycin

Prednisone (prevent lung damage)

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17
Q

T/F: Dermatophytosis is common in rats.

A

False

Dermatophytosis is rare in rats

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18
Q

What are some potential causes of Ring Tail in rats?

A

Low humidity

bedding

trauma

19
Q

Which species we have discussed should be housed alone?

A

Hamsters

Male Mice (cannibals)

Hedgehogs (solitary)

20
Q

Which species is known for “pouching” food?

A

Hamsters

21
Q

What type of activity/foraging behavior do hamsters exhibit?

A

Nocturnal

22
Q

T/F: Hamsters have pigmented scent glands on their flanks.

A

True

23
Q

Which teeth are usually affected in hamsters with dental disease?

A

Incisors only

24
Q

Enteropathies such a “Wet tail”, proliferative ileitis, Lawsonia intracellularis, intussusception and rectal prolapse are more common in (young/old) hamsters.

A

Young

25
Q

Which zoonotic tapeworm infects hamsters?

A

Hymenolepis nana

ALL PET HAMSTERS NEED FECALS

26
Q

Hamster diarrhea has a guarded prognosis. How do we try to treat it?

A

Abx

Anthelminics

Fluids

Prolapse surgery rarely successful

27
Q

Antibiotic-induced diarrhea is a problem seen in hamsters given beta-lactams or macrolides. Which abx are safe to use in hamsters?

A

TMS

Chloramphenicol

Enrofloxacin

Metronidazole

28
Q

Hamsters commonly get conjunctivitis, rhinitis and otitis from what bacterias?

A

Streptococcus and Pasteurella

29
Q

Eye trauma in hamsters is very common. How do we treat end stage eye trauma?

A

Enucleations

30
Q

We see atrial thrombosis and congestive heart failure in _____ hamsters

A

aging

31
Q

Which ectoparasites do we commonly see on hamsters?

A

Demodex

Cheyletiella

32
Q

What are some ruleouts for alopecia in hamsters?

A

T-cell Lymphoma

Mycoses fungoides

Demodex

Cushings

33
Q

How do we diagnose T-cell lymphoma in hamsters?

A

Skin biopsy

34
Q

What are 4 Geriatric conditions we see in hamsters?

A

Amyloidosis

Hepatic cirrhosis

Polycystic liver tumor (Liver biliary cystadenoma)

Cardiovascular disease

35
Q

What activity/foraging behavior do Gerbils exhibit?

A

Diurnal (active durring the day) & Crepuscular

Monogamous, Social, burrowers

36
Q

How long do gerbils live?

A

3-4 years

37
Q

What part of a gerbil should you not grab?

A

The fur-covered tail

38
Q

What 5 common conditions do we see in Gerbils?

A
  1. Epileptiform seizures
  2. Cutaneous neoplasms
    - Melanoma
  3. Facial dermatitis
  4. Acariasis
  5. Tail trauma
39
Q

What causes nasal dermatitis in stressed gerbils?

A

Porphyrins from NLD are irritating to the skin around the nose

Staphyloccocus possibly plays a role

40
Q

What activity/foraging behavior do mice exhibit?

A

Nocturnal

41
Q

What are two causes of dermatitis in mice?

A

Mites

Staph aureus

42
Q

What are two common neoplasias of mice?

A

Mammary Tumors

LSA

43
Q

What are some other common mouse diseases besides neoplasia and dermatitis?

A

Abscesses

Respiratory infections

Self-trauma

44
Q

Where can we preform venipuncture in small rodents?

A

Tail vein

Cranial Vena Cava (SEDATED)

RUSVM Spec Species (9 decks)

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