Small Intestines/Colon Flashcards
Vomiting, rectal tenderness, and rebound tenderness along with fever
more indicative of appendicitis in children than in adults
acute appendicitis
initially the pain may be epigastric or periumbilical; it subsequently localizes to the right lower quadrant within 12 to 18 hr
Positive signs for appendicits
- Psoas
- Obturator
- Rovsing’s
- McBurney’s
Causes of obstruction of the appendiceal lumen
fecaliths
foreign body
inflammation
neoplasms
imaging for acute appendicits
CT scan in adults
mesenteric adenitis
Acute mesenteric lymphadenitis is a syndrome of acute right lower quadrant abdominal pain associated with mesenteric lymph node enlargement and a normal appendix. Pain never localizes to a specific location.
Colonic diverticula
herniations of mucosa and submucosa through the muscularis
Diverticulosis
asymptomatic presence of multiple colonic diverticula
Diverticulitis
inflammatory process or localized perforation of diverticulum. Having Sx
Colonoscopy in diverticular disease
Colonoscopy should be avoided during acute diverticulitis due to the risk of perforation. It can generally be performed after 6 weeks to rule out the presence of cancer and IBD.
Diagnostics of diverticular disease
CT scan
Non-pharm treatment for diverticular disease
Increase in dietary fiber intake and regular exercise to improve bowel function.
NPO and IV hydration in severe diverticulitis; NG suction if ileus (stoppage of bowel) or small bowel obstruction is present
Meckel diverticulum
Meckel diverticulum is an ileal diverticulum located 100 cm proximal to the cecum
results from failure of the omphalomesenteric duct to obliterate completely (as it should by the eighth week of gestation).
Meckel diverticulum usually occurs in…
patients < 10 years old
