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alimentary > small intestine > Flashcards

small intestine Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 component of the small intestine?

A

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

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2
Q

what is the function of the SI?

A

digestion & absorption

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3
Q

what is the peritoneum?

A 
serous membrane-mesothelium
parietal peritoneum
-outer
visceral peritoneum
-inner
mesentery
-wrap around
-double fold
omentum
-fatty tissue layer
stomach=partially retroperitoneal
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4
Q

what is the duodenum?

A 
L1-L4
receives chime
short length
contains brunner's glands:
-alkaline secretion
-neutralises HCL
receives common bile duct-bile
-pancreatic juice
ends at duodenojejunal junction
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5
Q

what is cholecystokinin? (CCK)

A

hormone controls secretions

causes contraction in gall bladder releasing bile due to high fat diet

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6
Q

what are the 4 parts of the duodenum?

A

superior
descending
inferior
ascending

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7
Q

describe the blood supply of the duodenum

A

coeliac trunk -> superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

superior mesenteric artery -> inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

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8
Q

what is a duodenal ulcer?

A

most in posterior wall of superior
possibility of perforation
peritonitis

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9
Q

what is the sphincter of oddi?

A

muscular valve that controls the flow of digestive juices (bile and pancreatic juice) through ducts from the liver and pancreas into the duodenum
major duodenal papilla
minor duodenal papilla

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10
Q

what is the function of the duodenum?

A

digestion

pancreatic enzymes & bile

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11
Q

what is the function of the jejunum?

A

digestion
-brush border enzymes
absorption

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12
Q

what is the function of the ileum?

A

absorption

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13
Q

what are the layers of the jejunum and ileum?

A 
lumen
mucosa
-epithelium
-lamina propria
-muscularis mucosae
submucosa
muscularis externa
-innermost oblique(stomach)
-inner circular
-outer longitudinal
adventitia
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14
Q

how is the intestinal surface area increased?

A

pilcae circulares
-transverse folds
villi
-finger-like processes

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15
Q

what is peyer’s patch?

A

collection of inflammatory tissue

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16
Q

what are enterocytes?

A

cells of small intestine

17
Q

what are the 3 enterocytes?

A 
microvilli
-brush border
brush border enzymes
-digestion
carrier proteins
-absorption
18
Q

what are the implications of dietary deficiencies?

A 
malabsorption syndromes can lead to deficiencies that affect blood eg anaemia
can affect oral mucosa
eg:
coeliac
crohn's
cyctic fibrosis
19
Q

what is meckel’s diverticulum

A 
congenital defect
bulge in lower SI
2's
-2% population
-2 y/o
-2 inches
mostly ileal mucosa
,ay contain acid producing gastric, pancreatic or colonic type mucosa

alimentary (7 decks)

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