overview Flashcards
what are the 2 groups of organs in the digestive system?
digestive tract
accessory organs
eg. salivary glands, gallbladder, liver, pancreas
what are the 4 layer in the alimentary system?
mucosa -epithelium -lamina propria -muscularis mucosae submucosa muscularis propria -inner circular, outer longitudinal adventitia
what is barrett’s oesophagus?
metaplasia
changes in epithelium -> columnar epithelium
dur to GORD
disk of dysplasia & cancer
what is coeliac disease?
villous atrophy
hyperplastic crypts
increase in inflammatory (lymph) cells
what activities occur in the alimentary system? (5)
secretion -lubrication, digestive juice digestion -mechanical/chemical motility -SM absorption -ST -> LI excretion -faeces
describe mechanical digestion
breakdown of particles
ease of movement, mixing
describe chemical digestion
primarily enzymes
complex -> simple molecules
specific enzymes facilitate process eg. saliva, pancreas
secreted at dif points in GIT
describe motility in the alimentary system
mouth-chewing,swallowing
stomach- churning
intestine- peristalsis
mass movements/defaecation
what are the sensory functions of the mouth?
nociception (pain)
mechanoreception
thermoreception
gustation
what are the motor functions of the mouth?
transport eg. deglutition (swallowing) breakdown swallowing communication
what are the other functions of the mouth? (3)
salivation -protect, lubricate, digestion lymphoid tissue -tonsils reflexes -swallowing, vomiting, gagging
what are the boundaries of the mouth?
anterior: lips
lateral: cheeks
inferior: mylohyoid, tongue
superior: palate
posterior: fauces
what are the muscles of the mouth?
jaw -temporalis -masseter facial -orbicularis oris buccinator
what are the 3 salivary glands and type of secretion?
parotid -serous
submandibular -mixed
sublingual - mucous
what are the exocrine secretions of the salivary glands?
salt & water
mucous
amylase
