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Veterinary Medicine > Small Animal > Flashcards

Small Animal Flashcards

1
Q

Aspergillosis

A

Cuases Purulent/hemorrhagic nasal discharge and epistaxis. Diagnosis by fungal culture or PCR. Treat with systemic azoles, topical clotrimazole or surgery with iodine cadexomer-impregnated bandages.

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2
Q

Aflatoxin from moldy food

A

Tremors, vomiting and hepatopathy. Control tremors + activated charcoal + intralipid.

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3
Q

Sporotrichosis

A

Cats: cigar shaped fungi inoculated via puncture wounds. Cutaneous ulcerative lesions. Treat with azole or potassium iodine.

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4
Q

Cryptococcus

A

Cats (zoonotic): causes roman nose presentation and respiratory signs. Narrow-based budding yeast on cytology.

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5
Q

Blastomycosis

A

Hunting dogs: causes primary pulmonary infection with secondary granulomatous lesions. Broad-based budding yeast.

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6
Q

Coccidioidomycosis

A

Valley fever in dogs: Respiratory signs + lymphadenopathy + seizures + lameness. Mimics lung tumors. Spherules on cytology. Treat with fluconazole.

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7
Q

Histoplasmosis

A

Respiratory and GI signs in cats + dogs. Anemia + neutrophilia + thrombocytopenia on bloodwork. Skin test or antigen testing.

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8
Q

Pythium/Lagenidium

A

Water molds: granulomatous masses in GI tract or pruritic cutaneous disease. Poor prognosis - wide surgical excision or amputation of affected limb.

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9
Q

Canine infectious tracheobronchitis

A

Distemper virus + adenovirus + parainfluenza virus

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10
Q

Feline viral pneumonia

A

Calicivirus + FIP (less common)

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11
Q

Lymphocytic portal hepatitis

A

No infiltration of neutrophils = good prognosis > 2 years

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12
Q

Chronic cholangiohepatitis

A

Neutrophil infiltration = fair prognosis (50% survival at 3 months)

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13
Q

Tick paralysis

A

Dermacentor ticks

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14
Q

Otodectes cynotis

A

Ear mites

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15
Q

Ring worm

A

Microsporum canis

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16
Q

Myxedema

A

Increased mucin in dermis caused by hypothyroidism or excess growth hormone

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17
Q

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

A

Hereditary defect of collagen synthesis –> pliable thin skin

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18
Q

Tetrology of Fallot

A

Pulmonic stenosis + overriding aorta + RV hypertrophy + ventricular septal defect.

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19
Q

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

A

Rickettsia rickettsia

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20
Q

Soft tissue sarcoma

A

Locally invasive mesenchymal tumors with low metastatic rate

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21
Q

Blastomycosis location

A

Ohio + Mississippi + Tennessee

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22
Q

Suppurative + non-septic arthritis

A

Immune-mediated polyarthritis or rickettsial polyarthritis

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23
Q

Hepatocutaneous syndrome

A

Necrotizing skin disorder associated with liver disease

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24
Q

Paraneoplastic hypercalcemia

A

T-cell lymphoma or anal sac adenocarcinoma

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25
Q

Ehrlichia canis

A

Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks

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26
Q

Granulocytic ehrlichiosis + anaplasmosis

A

Amblyomma americanum ticks

27
Q

Lyme disease

A

Ixodes pacificus ticks

28
Q

LV concentric hypertrophy (cats)

A

Systemic hypertension + hyperthyroidism + HCM

29
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy in cats

A

Taurine deficiency

30
Q

FIV

A

Lentivirus

31
Q

FeLV

A

Retrovirus

32
Q

Cricopharyngeal achalasia

A

Pharyngeoesophageal sphincter fails to relax

33
Q

Puppy strangles

A

Immune-mediated juvenile cellulitis

34
Q

Bacterial conjunctivitis

A

Chlamydophila felis (indistinguishable from Herpesvirus-1)

35
Q

Adult heartworms

A

Immiticide (melarsomine) or thiacetarsamide

36
Q

Pyometra (medical)

A

Prostaglandins + dopamine agonists (Cabergoline & Bromacriptine)

37
Q

Acral lick dermatitis

A

Steroids + antibiotics + Fluoxetine (Prozac)

38
Q

Demodicosis

A

Ivermectin (2 negative skin scrapes 1 month apart).

39
Q

Neorickettsia helminthoeca

A

Tetracyclines

40
Q

Toxoplasma

A

Clindamycin

41
Q

Small cell intestinal lymphoma

A

Low grade: Chlorambucil + pred

42
Q

Large cell lymphoma

A

High grade: CHOP –> Cyclophosphamide + vincristine + doxorubicin + pred

43
Q

Feline SCC

A

Radiation (Strontium-90) on small lesions otherwise surgery

44
Q

Ringworm

A

Lime sulfur dip or Miconazole shampoo

45
Q

Ventricular premature complexes

A

Mexiletine

46
Q

Chylothorax

A

Octreotide (somatostatin) + Rutin (neutraceutical)

47
Q

Cryptosporidium

A

Clindamycin or azithromycin or tylosin

48
Q

Mastitis

A

TMPS or clindamycin or cephalosporins

49
Q

Cheyletiella

A

Lime sulfur dips or flea products

50
Q

Acute cholangiohepatitis

A

Ampicillin/amoxicillin or metronidazole + ursodeoxycholic acid (Actigall)

51
Q

Hypoadrenocorticism

A

IV fluids + dex upfront –> Fludrocortisone (mineralocorticoids) + pred + sodium chloride in diet

52
Q

Chlamydophila felis / bordatella / mycoplasma

A

Doxycycline

53
Q

Trichuris vulpis

A

Whipworm: fenbendazole or milbemycin

54
Q

Subaortic stenosis

A

Atenolol (β blockers)

55
Q

Feline lungworm

A

Aelurostrongylus –> ivermectin or fenbendazole

56
Q

Alopecia X

A

Neuter + melatonin

57
Q

Urate stones in dalmation

A

Low purine diet + allopurinol

58
Q

Feline asthma

A

Terbutaline (oral bronchodilator) + Flovent inhaler (steroid) + cyproheptadine (stops mast cell triggering)

59
Q

Hyperadrenocorticism

A

Lysodren or trilostane

60
Q

Doxorubicin

A

Renal toxicity in cats and heart failure in dogs

61
Q

Cyclophosphamide

A

Sterile hemorrhagic cystitis in dogs

62
Q

Cisplatin

A

Fatal pulmonary edema in cats

63
Q

Discoid lupus erythematosus

A

Abnormal T-cell activation causing depigmentation of nasal planum + erythema + erosion/ulceration.

Veterinary Medicine (12 decks)

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