Pigs

Question 1

Acute ileitis (proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy)

Answer 1

Lawsonia intracellularis: red clotted blood in small intestine + colon –> treat with tylosin. Necropsy shows proliferative enteritis + edematous mesentery + lymphadenopathy + thickening of intestinal mucosa.

Question 2

Swine pox

Answer 2

Poxvirus transmitted by biting insects causes ventral abdominal skin lesions

Question 3

Classical swine fever

Answer 3

Hog cholera: pestivirus causes severe systemic disease

Question 4

Porcine stress syndrome

Answer 4

Genetic myopathy: necropsy findings of pulmonary edema + pale, soft musculature with hemorrhage

Question 5

African swine fever

Answer 5

High mortality: similar systemic disease to classical swine fever

Question 6

Swine influenza

Answer 6

Rapid transmission with high morbidity: pneumonia with necrotizing bronchiolitis

Question 7

Greasy pig disease (exudative epidermitis)

Answer 7

Staph hyicus: young pigs with crusting exudates –> treat with antibiotics

Question 8

Pediculosis

Answer 8

Pruritis + anemia in piglets

Question 9

Dermatosis vegetans

Answer 9

Hereditary and often lethal defect causing dermatitis of coronary band

Question 10

Pityriasis rosea

Answer 10

Raised circular lesions on ventral abdomen –> self-limiting

Question 11

Pseudorabies (Aujesky’s disease)

Answer 11

Mad itch (eradicated): herpesvirus causes lethal CNS signs in young pigs and respiratory signs in older pigs

Question 12

PRRS

Answer 12

Arterivirus: diarrhea with high mortality in pre-weaned pigs + respiratory signs in weaned pigs + abortions in sows

Question 13

Haemophilus parasuis (Glasser’s disease)

Answer 13

Fibrinopurulent pleuritis, pericarditis, and peritonitis in piglets

Question 14

Parvovirus

Answer 14

Mummies + stillborns

Question 15

Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia

Answer 15

Pleuropneumonia in pigs < 6 months. High mortality - treat all pigs with antibiotics (ceftiofur)

Question 16

Leptospira pomona

Answer 16

Abortion - cull infected gilts or treat with long course of antibiotics

Question 17

Brucellosis

Answer 17

Abortion + sub-clinical infection. Carried by feral swine.

Question 18

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

Answer 18

Sudden death, lethargy, anorexia, painful joints, diamond shaped skin lesions.

Question 19

Vitamin A deficiency

Answer 19

Otitis media with head tilt and ataxia in piglets. Embryonic mortality and congenital defects in sows.

Question 20

Zearalenone

Answer 20

Mycotoxin with estrogenic effects –> rectal + vulval edema

Question 21

Enterotoxigenic E. colii

Answer 21

Edema disease: F18 or F4 (K88) strains –> fatal vasculitis in weaned pigs. No pyrexia (strep suis)

Question 22

Blue eye

Answer 22

Paramyxovirus or rubulavirus

Question 23

Porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD)

Answer 23

High mortality in 14 week old pigs + lymphoid depletion on histopath + PCV2 antigen detection via immunohistochemistry.

Question 24

Mycoplasma (Eperythrozoon) suis

Answer 24

Anemia, weakness, jaundice, repro failure. Younger pigs more severe. Treat with tetracycline.

Question 25

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

Answer 25

Pyrexia + coughing. Necropsy shows consolidated cranio-ventral lungs + catarrhal exudate in airways + lymphadenopathy –> vaccinate.

Question 26

Spirochaetal colitis

Answer 26

Brachyspira pilosicoli

Question 27

Swine dysentery

Answer 27

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae: mucohemorrhagic diarrhea + fibrinonecrotic typhlitis (cecum) with colitis. Treat with antibiotics in the water.

Question 28

Vasculitis + pyrexia

Answer 28

Classical swine fever + African swine fever + Erysipelas

Question 29

Repro failure

Answer 29

PRRS + Lepto + Pseudorabies + Brucella + Parvo + Mycoplasma + acute erysipelas. Ascending infection with E. coli or Strep/Staph spp. or actinomyces spp.

Question 30

Diarrhea in pre- and early post-weaning pigs

Answer 30

Clostridium perfringens and difficile (acute bloody) + E. coli + rotavirus + transmissible enteritis + coccidiosis

Question 31

Transmissible gastroenteritis

Answer 31

Coronavirus causing diarrhea in pigs of all ages. 100% mortality in pigs < 10 days old. Treat with electrolytes. Immunity at 1 month of age.

Question 32

Intestinal coccidiosis

Answer 32

Isospora suis and Eimeria spp. Treat with sulfamethazine or ponazuril.

Question 33

Diarrhea in growers and finishers

Answer 33

Lawsonia intracellularis (proliferative enteritis) + swine dysentery (brachyspira hyodysenteriae) + whipworms (trichuris suis) + round worms (ascaris suum) + Salmonella.

Question 34

Whipworms

Answer 34

Trichuris suis: double operculated eggs. treat with Levamisole, Dichlorvos, Benzimidazoles. Not susceptible to avermectin or piperazine.

Question 35

Roundworms

Answer 35

Ascaris suum: parasitic migration causes white spots on liver and lungs –> abdominal breathing (thumps). Can cause intestinal obstruction.

Question 36

Salmonella

Answer 36

Pyrexia, diarrhea ± rectal strictures. Treat with neomycin in water or carbadox in feed or injectable antibiotic.

Question 37

Strongyloides ransomi

Answer 37

Threadworm: vertical transmission in colostrum. Diarrhea, anemia, emaciation and death in severely affected piglets.

Question 38

Stephanurus dentatus

Answer 38

Kidney worm: can cause posterior ataxia or paralysis due to migration along spinal cord. Ova detectable in urine.

Question 39

Neurological disease

Answer 39

Pseudorabies + rabies + polioencephalomalacia + salt poisoning (perivascular eosinophilia) + lead poisoning + hypomagnesemia + meningitis

Question 40

Infectious lameness

Answer 40

Mycoplasma hyorhinis + erysipelas + haemophilus parasuis + strep suis.

Question 41

Polyserositis

Answer 41

Haemophilus parasuis (Glasser’s disease) + strep suis

Question 42

Ringworm

Answer 42

Microsporum nanum

Question 43

Leptospirosis

Answer 43

Long term antibiotic therapy (tetracyclines, tylosin, erythromycin, penicillins)