Poultry Flashcards
Fowl plague
Avian influenza virus (notifiable): green diarrhea + cyanosis + edema + discoloration of shanks, feet + bloody oral/nasal discharge
Avian encephalomyelitis
Picornovirus causes neurological signs in 1-2 week old chick –> vaccinate breeder animals
Necrotic enteritis
Clostridium perfringens C (gram-positive rods): high mortality + treat with antibiotics
Marek’s disease
Herpesvirus: thickened nerves + ocular signs + raised skin + gray foci of neoplasia on visceral organs –> in-ovo vaccination
Lymphoid leukosis
Viral disease causes lymphoma
Nutritional encephalomalacia
Vitamin E deficiency causes neurological signs in chicks
Reticuloendotheliosis
Retrovirus causes runting, neoplasia and lymphoma
Deep pectoral myopathy
Green muscle disease affecting supracoracoideus
Infectious Bronchitis Virus
Coronavirus with high morbidity: respiratory disease and changes to egg shell quality –> viral isolation after passages in chick embryo
Infectious bursal disease (gumboror disease)
Birna virus affects bursa of fabricius causing diarrhea, ataxia, vent picking –> vaccinate
Newcastle disease
Paramyxovirus causing diarrhea, respiratory and neurological signs –> vaccinate
Fowl cholera
Pasteurella multocida: pyrexia, diarrhea, mucoid oral discharge, effusions –> vaccinate or treat with sulfonamides, tetracyclines, penicillin.
Infectious laryngotracheitis
Herpesvirus diagnosed by intranuclear inclusion bodies from trachea
Fowl pox
Poxvirus affecting 1-2 week old chicks: dry + wet form causing scabs and warts or fibrinous plaques in URT –> vaccinate chick embryos
Avian chlamydiosis
Necrosis of internal organs diagnosed by intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Treat with tetracycline.
E. coli infection
Triad of necropsy findings: fibrinous air sacculitis + pericarditis + perihepatitis
Aspergillosis
Granulomatous pneumonia –> treat with terbinafine
Infectious coryza
Avibacterium paragallinarum: oculonasal discharge, edema, and infraorbital swelling
Malabsorption (runting) syndrome
Multifactorial etiology: poor growth and feathers + pale feet and skin + orange intestinal contents –> cull affected birds
Mycoplasma gallisepticum
Chronic respiratory disease: classic triad necropsy of fibrinous pericarditis and perihepatitis + air sacculitis –> treat with tylosin or vaccinate
Cnemidocoptes mite
Scaly leg mite: treat with ivermectin/moxidectin
Dermanyssus gallinae
Poultry red mite: treat environment
Laminosioptes cysticola
Subcutaneous mite: nodular lesions
Ornithonyssus bursae
Tropical fowl mite: lesions of feathered regions around vent
Syngamus trachea
Gapeworm: consumption of worms, snails or slugs + lives in trachea and lungs
Bluecomb (turkeys)
Coronavirus causes transmissible enteritis
Spontaneous cardiomyopathy (turkeys)
Round heart disease causes sudden death in young turkeys
Turkey coryza
Bordatella avium with high morbidity causes URT signs
Mycoplasma gallisepticum (turkeys)
Infectious sinusitis
Histomonas meleagridis (turkeys)
Blackhead disease: Protozoa carried by heterakis gallinarum that is fatal to turkeys: necrosis of liver + cecum –> drooping wings, sulfur colored feces, unkempt feathers
Avian (fowl) pox (turkeys)
Dry form = raised wart lesions, wet form = diphtheritic lesions of oral cavity and URT –> vaccinate
Anaerobic infections
Clostridium or motile protozoa –> treat with metronidazole
