SM47_IntrosToHisto etc

Question 1

4 types of tissues in body

Answer 1

Epithelium (epithelial tissue), connective tissue, muscle tissue, nerve tissue

Question 2

Covers body surfaces, lines body cavities, forms glands

Answer 2

Epithelium

Question 3

Underlies or supports the other three basic tissues, both structurally and functionally

Answer 3

Connective Tissue

Question 4

Made up of contractile cells and is responsible for movement

Answer 4

Muscle Tissue

Question 5

Receives, transmits, and integrates information from outside and inside the body to control the activities of the body

Answer 5

Nerve Tissue

Question 6

Germ layers of the embryo

Answer 6

Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

Question 7

“Cause of the disease”

Answer 7

Etiology

Question 8

“Sequence of biochemical and molecular events that occur in response to cell injury that give rise to disease”

Answer 8

Pathogenesis

Question 9

“Structural alterations in cells or tissues that are either characteristic of a disease or diagnostic of an underlying etiology”

Answer 9

Morphological changes

Question 10

When a tissue biopsy is performed to assist with a diagnosis of a patient

Answer 10

surgical pathology

Question 11

Gross specimen

Answer 11

ew…. jk unprocessed specimen examined with the bare eye

Question 12

Microscopic study of normal cells and tissues

Answer 12

Histology

Question 13

Study of structural, biochemical, and functional changes in cells, tissues, and organs that underlie disease

Answer 13

Pathology (encompasses all diagnostic laboratory tests performed for patient care)

Question 14

In humans, anterior = _____ and posterior = _____

Answer 14

anterior = ventral; posterior = dorsal

Question 15

In four legged animals, ventral = _____

Answer 15

inferior

Question 16

Three planes of the body

Answer 16

Question 17

Plane and axis of rotation for flexion/extension

Answer 17

Plane - saggital; axis - transverse

Question 18

Plane and axis of rotation for abduction/adduction

Answer 18

coronal plane, anterior-posterior axis

Question 19

Plane and axis of rotation for medial/lateral rotation

Answer 19

plane - horizontal; axis - vertical

Question 20

Three body cavities

Answer 20

pleural, pericardial, peritoneal

Question 21

Layers of the body wall

Answer 21

Superficial: skin & superficial fascia; Deep: deep investing fascia, skeletal muscle and bone, parietal pleura or peritoneum (depending on which body cavity it surrounds)

Question 22

Skin consists of ___ and ___-

Answer 22

epithelial epidermis and dense, irregular connective tissue dermis

Question 23

Superficial fascia (aka ______ fascia or _____) is ______________

Answer 23

Camper’s; hypodermis; loose connsective tissue with a high fat content

Question 24

Deep investing fascia is called _______ over muscle and _____ over bone

Answer 24

epimysium (over muscle) and periosteum (over bone)

Question 25

__________ nerves are the nerves that innervate tissues of the body wall.

Two major branches of these nerves:

____ and _____

which contribue to which pathways?

Answer 25

Spinal nerves –> dorsal rami –> posterior cutaneous nerves

Spinal nerves –> ventral rami –> anterior and lateral cutaneous nerves

Question 26

plexus and brachial plexus definition

Answer 26

plexus = interconnecting series of nerves or blood vessels

brachial plexus = interconnecting ventral rami of spinal nerves that innervate the upper extremity

Question 27

sheath of fascia wrapped around nerves, arteries, and veins that travel together

Answer 27

Neurovascular bundle

Question 28

Septal thickenings of the superficial fascia that separate glandular or fatty lobules and attach the breast to the deep fascia

Answer 28

Suspensory ligaments (aka Cooper’s ligaments)

Question 29

The _____ _____ _____ is in bundle with the thoracoacromial artery and vein

Answer 29

lateral pectoral nerve

Question 30

The subclavian artery (under the clavicle) becomes the _________ artery (in the armpit) which becomes the ______ artery in the arm

Answer 30

subclavian, axillary, brachial