Sloka WBC disorders

Question 1

Qualitative Non-neoplastic disorders

Answer 1

Chediak-Higashi syndrome
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency 1 &2
Phagocytosis/Inflammation
Chronic granulomatous disease
Myeloperoxidase deficiency

Question 2

Qualitative Disorders

Answer 2

Clinical findings

• Unusual pathogens
• Frequent infections and growth failure
• Severe gingivitis
• Lack of inflammatory response

Question 3

Cold abscesses
Decreased neutrophil chemotaxis
Coarse skin
Lionine facies

Answer 3

Job Syndrome
Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome

-Staph pyoderma

Question 4

Decreased T17

STAT3

Answer 4

Job Syndrome
Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome

T17-chemotaxis for monocytes and neutrophils
^IgE
-Staph pyoderma

Question 5

Unusual Benign Reactions

Answer 5

Leukemoid reaction >50,000

Leukoerythroblastic reaction - usually from underlying reaction

Question 6

Leukemoid Reactions

Answer 6

Neutrophils - Acute appendicitis & other infections

Lymphocytes - Whooping cough (mature), Phenytoin (atypical)

Eosinophils - Parasites (tissue invader), Not single celled giardia, amoeba or pin worms

Question 7

Leukoerythroblastic Reaction characteristics

Answer 7

Something is occupying the BM (Metastatic CA, Amyloidosis, Fibrosis)

RBCs usually tear drop shapped
-Anemia

Question 8

Neutrophilia >7,000

Answer 8

Infections - Appendicitis
Sterile inflammation - Acute MI
Drug’s - Corticosteroids
Stress - labor, from epinephrine

Question 9

Neutropenia

Answer 9

Aplastic anemia
Immune desctruction - SLE
Chemotherapy
Septic shock - abscess/large infection
B12/Folate deficiency - all dividing cells of the body need

Question 10

Neutropenia Pathogenesis

Answer 10

decreased Production
increased Destruction - toxins, abscesses, sepsis
Activation of adhesion molecules

Question 11

Eosinophilia >700

Answer 11

Type I hypersensitivity (allergies)
Parasitic infestation
Polyarteritis nodosa
Hodgkin's disease - in Mixed Cellularity
Addison's diease

Question 12

Eosinopenia

Answer 12

Corticosteroids

Question 13

Basophilia >110

Answer 13

Myeloproliferative disorder - CML, Polycythemia vera, Essential thrombocytosis

Question 14

Lymphocytosis >4,000/>8,000

Answer 14

Viral infections
Whooping cough - mature
Phenytoin - mature, abnormal change
Graves’ disease - Immature

Question 15

CD21

Answer 15

B-cell receptor for EBV infection

Question 16

Atypical lymphocytes

Answer 16

CD8 T cells during Infectious mononucleosis

Question 17

Infectious mononucleosis

Answer 17

atypical lymphocytes
EBV
Most mild fever/flu like syndromes

-Latent EBV material in B cell, infection can happen again

Question 18

Extreme Fatigue
Fever
Sore throat
Exudative tonsillitis
Tender Hepatosplenomegaly
Generalized tender LAD

Answer 18

Infectious Mononucleosis

Question 19

Prolonged pruritic rash with Infectious Mononucleosis

Answer 19

Ampicillin rash - 25%

Does not mean allergy to penicillin

Question 20

Exudative or petechial rash

Answer 20

EBV - Infectious mononucleosis

Can occur with Strep throat

Question 21

Lab for Infection Mononucleosis

Answer 21

Atypical Lymphocytosis
Positive heterophile test - Patient’s serum + Horse RBCs -> agglutination
Positive VCA/EBNA - anti-viral capsid/nuclear antigen antibodies
^ Serum transaminases - from liver
Splenomegaly - tender (7 weeks out of contact sports)

Question 22

Lymphopenia

Answer 22

HIV
Primary immunodeficiency
Autoimmune destruction - SLE
Corticosteroids - Sequestors lymphocytes out of blood into LN
Radiation - Lymphocytes most sensitive cell

Question 23

Monocytosis >800

Answer 23

Chronic infections - TB, Leprosy
Chronic inflammations
Malignancy - CA