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1st Year Med School (Random) > Peds Bacteria/Parasites Jones > Flashcards

Peds Bacteria/Parasites Jones Flashcards

1
Q

Brucella general

A

Etiology - small, aerobic, nonspore, nonmotile, G- coccobacillary

Epidemiology - handling infected goats, unpasteurized milk

Traveler

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2
Q

Brucella Clinical manifestations -

A

long inoculation perior
Classic Triad: Fever, Arthralgia/arthritis, HSM
Thrombocytopenia to pancytopenia

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3
Q

Brucella Dx

A

Serum agglutinin test

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4
Q

Brucella Tx

A

Doxycycline for children 8+

Bactrim for children under 8

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5
Q

Campylobacter jejuni general

A

Etiology - G-, curved, thin, non spore rods

Epidemiology - Ingestion of contaminated chicken/turkey or raw milk

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6
Q

Campylobacter jejuni Clinical manifestations

A

Gastroenteritis

Complications Reactive arthritis; Guillain-Barre syndrome

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7
Q

Campylobacter jejuni Dx

A

Stool culture

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8
Q

Campylobacter jejuni Tx

A

Supportive care: rehydration

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9
Q

Bartonella henselae general

A

Cat scratch disease
Etiology - small pleomorphic G- bacilli in LN

Epidemiology - inoculation from cat-scratch kittens to 6 months

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10
Q

Bartonella henselae Clinical manifestations

A

Papules to tender LAD to lymphadenitis w/ fever

NO I&D

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11
Q

Bartonella henselae Dx

A

Bartonella henselae Ab titer

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12
Q

Bartonella henselae Tx

A

Supportive care!

Amoxicillin-clavulinic acid for no staph

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13
Q

Clostridium botulinum general

A

Etiology - Acute, flaccid paralysis caused by neurotoxin

Epidemiology - infant foodborne/ wound

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14
Q

Clostridium botulinum Clinical manifestation

A

Infant: inability to feed, lethargy, weak cry,

diminished spontaneous movement; dysphagia, drooling

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15
Q

Clostridium botulinum Dx

A

Classic triad of botulism - acute onset of symmetric flaccid descending paralysis with sensorium, no fever, no paresthesias

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16
Q

Clostridium botulinum Tx

A

Human botulism Ig, given IB (BIG-IV)

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17
Q

C. diff general

A

Etiology: G+ anaerobic bacillus, spores

Epidemiology - preceding hospitalization or abx exposure

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18
Q

C. diff Clinical manifestation

A 
pseudomembranous colitis 
(watery diarrhea)
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19
Q

C. diff Dx

A

C. diff toxin detection

Children under 3 y.o. is NORMAL

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20
Q

C. diff Tx

A

Oral Metronidazole

Oral Vancomycin for recalcitrant or recurrent infections

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21
Q

Enterococcus etiology

A

G+
Catalase neg
Facultative anaerobes that grow in pairs or short chains

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22
Q

Enterococcus Clinical manifestation

A

Neonates: sepsis

Children: Nosocomial UTIs, bacteremia

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23
Q

Enterococcus Tx

A

Amoxicillin/ampicillin

if simple UTI: Nitrofurantoin

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24
Q

E. coli Epidemiology

A

Enteric and UTIs
Sepsis and meningitis in Newborn
Bacteremia and sepsis in Immunocompromised pts

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25
Q

E. coli information

CM
Tx

A

6 major groups

EHEC well known for HUS - kidney failure

Clinical manifestations: mild diarrhea to hemorrhagic colitis

Abx can induce toxins - HUS

Fever in 1st week of life

Bactrim?

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26
Q

Haemophilus Etiology
Vaccine
Prophylaxis

A

Fastidioius
G-
Pleomorphic coccobacillus

Vacc: 12-15 months completed

Rifampin for children

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27
Q

Haemophilus Clinical manifestations

A 
Meningitis
Preseptal and orbital cellulitis
epiglottitis
Pneumonia
OTITIS MEDIA
Conjunctivitis, Sinusitis
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28
Q

Haemophilus Tx

A

OM: 80-90 mg/kg/day of Amoxicillin

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29
Q

Listeria monocytogenes Etiology

A

facultatively anaerobic
Nonspore, motile
G+
Catalase +

Perinatal infections from maternal infection
Foodborne outbreaks dair and contaminated vegetables

30
Q

Listeria monocytogenes General info

A

Neonatal listeriosis -

31
Q

Listeria monocytogenes Tx

A

Ampicillin

32
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi General

A

Lyme disease

Epi- Outdoor occupation and leisure activities
Transmission - Ixodes genus

33
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi Clinical manifestations

A

Erythema migrans and constitutional sx (bull’s eye

Multiple migrans

Neuritis

Meningitis, carditis, arthritis

34
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi Diagnosis

A

Erythema migrans

Serology

35
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi Treatment

A

Doxycycline

Amoxicillin under 8 y.o.

36
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi Complications

A

Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction

after lysis of Borrelia

37
Q

Neisseria meningitidis Epidemiology

A

close contact via aerosol droplets or exposure to respiratory secretions

38
Q

Neisseria meningitidis Clinical manifestations

A

Fever -> Nucchal rigidity -> Petechiae -> septic shock rapid

Prominent petechiae then purpura then loss of circulation
Middle artery

39
Q

Neisseria meningitidis Tx

A

Ceftriaxone

Prophylaxis Rifampin,
Cipro for 18+

40
Q

Neisseria meningitidis Risk factors

A

Complement or properdin deficiencies increase risk

CH50 test for recurrent

41
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis LTBI

A

Positive TST, neg CXR, no other evidence of TB disease

Children with LTBI - Isoniazid (w/ LFTs)

IFN-gamma little data

42
Q

Pasteurella Multocida

A

Skin infection s/p animal bite

Sx present w/in 24hrs of bite

PCN
Amoxicillin-clavulanate adds

Azithromycin w/ PCN allergies

43
Q

Bordetella pertussis Sx

A

Classic catarrhal, Paroxysmal, and Convalescent stages

Whoop -> lowering -> residual effects

44
Q

Bordetella pertussis Dx

A

Clinical Picture

Deep nasopharyngeal aspirate

45
Q

Bordetella pertussis Tx

A

Tx and Prophylaxis:
Azithromycin

Prophylaxis after significant exposure

46
Q

Pseudomonas species Epidemiology

A

“swimmer’s ear”

Puncture wound through shoe

Nosocomial UTIs

Respiratory Infections in CF

47
Q

Pseudomonas species Tx

A

Ceftazidime IV

Ciprofloxacin outpatient

48
Q

Rickettsial diseases Clinical manifestations

A

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

ehrlichiosis

Clinical triad - Fever, HA, Rash
rose red blanching macules on extremities, wrists, ankles, lower legs

Spreads to entire body - Includes soles and palms

Petechial, purpura, hemorrhagic possible

49
Q

Rickettsial diseases Tx

A

Doxycycline

50
Q

Salmonella species Clinical manifestations

A

Enteritis

Bacteremia

51
Q

Salmonella species Dx

A

Blood or Stool culture

52
Q

Salmonella species Tx

A

Rehydration

Supportive care

53
Q

Shigella species Epidemiology

A

Contaminated food (salad)

water

daycare centers

54
Q

Shigella species Pathogenesis

A

Shiga toxin

55
Q

Shigella species Clinical manifestations

A

dysentery - bloody diarrhea, fever, abd cramps, rectal pain, mucoid stools

56
Q

Shigella species Dx

A

Stool culture

57
Q

Shigella species Tx

A

Rehydration

Vit A, Zinc

ceftriaxone, but maybe not

58
Q

Staphylococcus aureus Clinical manifestations

A

Skin

Respiratory - pneumonia, empyema

Sepsis

Osteomyelitis

TSS

59
Q

Staphylococcus aureus Dx

A

Wound or blood culture

60
Q

Staphylococcus aureus Tx

A

I&D

Vancomycin or Clindamycin

61
Q

Streptococcus agalactiae Epidemiology

A

GBS

Neonatal sepsis: early onset 7 days

62
Q

Streptococcus agalactiae Clinical manifestations

A

GBS
Early - signs and sx of sepsis

Late - sepsis, some meningitis

63
Q

Streptococcus agalactiae Dx

A

GBS

Positive culture

64
Q

Streptococcus agalactiae Tx

A

PCN G

65
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae Epidemiology

A

MCC of bacteremia
bacterial pneumonia
OM
bacterial meningitis in children

66
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae Prevention

A

Pneumococcal 13-valent vaccine - good immune

PCV 23 - immunocompromised, high risk

67
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes Clinical manifestations

A 
GAS
Pharyngitis
Impetigo, pyoderma
Perianal cellulitis
Endocarditis, pericarditis
Scarlet fever and erysipelas
Necrotizing fasciitis
Rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis
68
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes Dx

A

GAS

Rapid Ag test
Throat culture
antistreptolysin O assay
anti=DNase B

69
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes Tx

A

PCN and Cephalosporins

70
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes Rheumatic fever

A

JONES criteria

prophylaxis criteria

1st Year Med School (Random) (20 decks)

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