Sleeping

Question 1

What is the circadian Rhythm

Answer 1

cycles that happen every 24 hours and 15 mins, behavioral, biochemical, physiology
similar patterns every day
Internal Clock

Question 2

why is it easier to stay up rather than go to sleep

Answer 2

because our internal clock is for 24 hours and 15mins

Question 3

What is the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus(SCN)

Answer 3

Produces the circadian rhythm, lies near the optic chiasm
proved by transplants

Question 4

What is the retinohypothalamic pathway

Answer 4

Some retinal ganglion cells project out of the optic chiasm to SCN; any damage before the optic chiasm then no info can be transmitted to the SCN if there is the damage to the optic tracts or later then the SCN can still work

Question 5

How are the SCN and the circadian rhythm related

Answer 5

the SCN says when night and day are to the circadian rhythm and when to sleep and wake up

Question 6

What are the 2 types of sleep

Answer 6

NREM and REM

Question 7

What are the stages of NREM

Answer 7

Stage 1, Stage 2, Stage 3, Stage 4

Question 8

What does stage 1 consist of

Answer 8

loss of fast Alpha Waves

Question 9

What does stage 2 consist of

Answer 9

sleep spindles

Question 10

What are sleep spindles

Answer 10

periodic bursts of waves

Question 11

What does stage 3 consist of

Answer 11

large amplitude, very slow delta waves

Question 12

What does stage 4 consist of

Answer 12

slower waves overall and more delta waves

Question 13

What is Rapid Eye Movement(REM)

Answer 13

similar to awake pattern but flaccid of voluntary muscles state
Dreams

Question 14

What is the process of a normal sleep

Answer 14

Stage 1->Stage2->Stage3->Stage 4–>Stage 3–>Stage 2–> REM

Question 15

How long does a cycle last?

Answer 15

90 mins

Question 16

What are the longest stages?

Answer 16

Stage 2 45%
REM 20%

Question 17

When is the longest you’ll be in REM

Answer 17

You spend more time in REM as the night progresses, so in the morning is when you’ll be spending the most REM

Question 18

What happens during REM sleep?

Answer 18

vivid imagery
sense of experiencing sights and sounds etc
thinking about a problem

Question 19

What are the basal forebrain and the anterior hypothalamus crucial for

Answer 19

slow wave sleep(stage3 and stage 4)

Question 20

What does the reticular formation do

Answer 20

wakes u the forebrain

Question 21

What triggers during REM sleep

Answer 21

PONS

Question 22

What are the Biological Functions for sleep

Answer 22

Predator Avoidance
energy conservation
body restoration
memory consolidation

Question 23

What is somnambolism

Answer 23

sleep walking, Stage 3/stage 4

Question 24

What are Night Terrors

Answer 24

sudden arousal from stage 3 and stage 4,
marked by the fear and auto nervous system activations
symptoms: increased heart rate, increase breathing, dilated pupils

Question 25

What is sleep enuresis

Answer 25

bed wetting, stage 3 and stage 4

Question 26

What is insomnia

Answer 26

difficulty falling or staying asleep, most common

Question 27

What is sleep apnea

Answer 27

respiration during sleep that ceases or dramatically slows
may cause SIDS(sudden infant death syndrome)

Question 28

What is narcolepsy

Answer 28

frequent intense attacks of sleep often accompanied by cataplexy