Sleeping Flashcards
What is the circadian Rhythm
cycles that happen every 24 hours and 15 mins, behavioral, biochemical, physiology
similar patterns every day
Internal Clock
why is it easier to stay up rather than go to sleep
because our internal clock is for 24 hours and 15mins
What is the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus(SCN)
Produces the circadian rhythm, lies near the optic chiasm
proved by transplants
What is the retinohypothalamic pathway
Some retinal ganglion cells project out of the optic chiasm to SCN; any damage before the optic chiasm then no info can be transmitted to the SCN if there is the damage to the optic tracts or later then the SCN can still work
How are the SCN and the circadian rhythm related
the SCN says when night and day are to the circadian rhythm and when to sleep and wake up
What are the 2 types of sleep
NREM and REM
What are the stages of NREM
Stage 1, Stage 2, Stage 3, Stage 4
What does stage 1 consist of
loss of fast Alpha Waves
What does stage 2 consist of
sleep spindles
What are sleep spindles
periodic bursts of waves
What does stage 3 consist of
large amplitude, very slow delta waves
What does stage 4 consist of
slower waves overall and more delta waves
What is Rapid Eye Movement(REM)
similar to awake pattern but flaccid of voluntary muscles state
Dreams
What is the process of a normal sleep
Stage 1->Stage2->Stage3->Stage 4–>Stage 3–>Stage 2–> REM
How long does a cycle last?
90 mins
What are the longest stages?
Stage 2 45%
REM 20%
When is the longest you’ll be in REM
You spend more time in REM as the night progresses, so in the morning is when you’ll be spending the most REM
What happens during REM sleep?
vivid imagery
sense of experiencing sights and sounds etc
thinking about a problem
What are the basal forebrain and the anterior hypothalamus crucial for
slow wave sleep(stage3 and stage 4)
What does the reticular formation do
wakes u the forebrain
What triggers during REM sleep
PONS
What are the Biological Functions for sleep
Predator Avoidance
energy conservation
body restoration
memory consolidation
What is somnambolism
sleep walking, Stage 3/stage 4
What are Night Terrors
sudden arousal from stage 3 and stage 4,
marked by the fear and auto nervous system activations
symptoms: increased heart rate, increase breathing, dilated pupils
What is sleep enuresis
bed wetting, stage 3 and stage 4
What is insomnia
difficulty falling or staying asleep, most common
What is sleep apnea
respiration during sleep that ceases or dramatically slows
may cause SIDS(sudden infant death syndrome)
What is narcolepsy
frequent intense attacks of sleep often accompanied by cataplexy
