Behavior Disorders

Question 1

Who is affected

Answer 1

1 in 3, but can affect many over a lifetime

Question 2

What is the prevlance

Answer 2

early in life= schizophrenia
Mid-life=depression
old=cognitive disorders

Question 3

What is dissociative thinking

Answer 3

impairment of the logical structure of thought, but not spilt personality

Question 4

What is paranoid

Answer 4

auditory hallucinations and delusions

Question 5

What is disorganized

Answer 5

disorganized behavior and speech

Question 6

What is catatonic

Answer 6

disturbance in motor activity

Question 7

What are positive symptoms

Answer 7

added to behavior
hallucinations, delusions, excited motor behavior

Question 8

What are negative symptoms

Answer 8

lost capacities
withdrawal, blunted affect, slowness

Question 9

Where is the highest prevalence(schizo)

Answer 9

identical twin, 50%

Question 10

Where is there a decrease in prevalence(schizo)

Answer 10

the gradual decrease in distant cousins

Question 11

What are some of the structural changes in the brain of people who have Schizophrenia

Answer 11

-enlarged ventricles; likely loss of surrounding tissue
-smaller hippocampus, cells disoriented(point different directions), positive correlation with severity of symptoms
-smaller amygdala
-cerebellum shrinks

Question 12

What is the hypofrontality hypothesis

Answer 12

schizophrenia underactivation of the frontal lobe, especially with a difficult cognitive task

Question 13

What is the dopamine hypothesis

Answer 13

schizophrenia results from the overactivation of dopamine receptors

Question 14

What is amphetamine psychosis

Answer 14

overactivity of dopamine receptors and similar symptoms

Question 15

What is chlorpromazine

Answer 15

dopamine antagonist
helps balance between schizophrenia and Parkinsons symptoms

Question 16

What are some challenges to the dopamine hypothesis

Answer 16

new drugs block serotonin(5-HT) receptors and may increase dopamine

Question 17

What is the glutamate hypothesis

Answer 17

schizophrenia results from the underactivation of glutamate receptors

Question 18

What are some characteristics of depression

Answer 18

unhappy mood,
loss of energy, appetite, and interest
more common in women

Question 19

How does depression affect our bodies

Answer 19

-increased frontal ctx(overthinking) and amygdala(emotion) activity
-high levels of cortisol
-hypothalamus unresponsive to feedback
-monoamine theory

Question 20

What is the monoamine theory

Answer 20

decreased serotonin and norepinephrine activity

Question 21

What can help with depression

Answer 21

serotonin reuptake inhibitors(Prozac) can help

Question 22

What is obsession

Answer 22

recurrent uncontrollable thoughts

Question 23

WHat is compulsion

Answer 23

the uncontrollable need to perform certain behavior repeatedly

Question 24

What is the correlation between obsessions and compulsions

Answer 24

Compulsions are to get rid of obsessions

Question 25

What are the brain areas involved in OCD

Answer 25

increased activation of Frontal cortex(overthinking) caudate, and cingulate ctx(paying attention)
low levels of serotonin

Question 26

What is a lobotomy

Answer 26

disconnecting parts of the frontal lobes from the rest of the brain
originally used to treat many psychiatric disorders
deep brain stimulation is also an option

Question 27

What is a prions

Answer 27

abnormally folded proteins that can infect other proteins and make it like them

Question 28

What is the process of how humans got Creutzfeldt- Jacob

Answer 28

scrapie caused by prions in sheep
contaminated tissue fed to cows(mad cow)
Humans eat the cow getting Creutzfeldt-Jacob

Question 29

Too much dopamine

Answer 29

schizophrenia