Behavior Disorders Flashcards
Who is affected
1 in 3, but can affect many over a lifetime
What is the prevlance
early in life= schizophrenia
Mid-life=depression
old=cognitive disorders
What is dissociative thinking
impairment of the logical structure of thought, but not spilt personality
What is paranoid
auditory hallucinations and delusions
What is disorganized
disorganized behavior and speech
What is catatonic
disturbance in motor activity
What are positive symptoms
added to behavior
hallucinations, delusions, excited motor behavior
What are negative symptoms
lost capacities
withdrawal, blunted affect, slowness
Where is the highest prevalence(schizo)
identical twin, 50%
Where is there a decrease in prevalence(schizo)
the gradual decrease in distant cousins
What are some of the structural changes in the brain of people who have Schizophrenia
-enlarged ventricles; likely loss of surrounding tissue
-smaller hippocampus, cells disoriented(point different directions), positive correlation with severity of symptoms
-smaller amygdala
-cerebellum shrinks
What is the hypofrontality hypothesis
schizophrenia underactivation of the frontal lobe, especially with a difficult cognitive task
What is the dopamine hypothesis
schizophrenia results from the overactivation of dopamine receptors
What is amphetamine psychosis
overactivity of dopamine receptors and similar symptoms
What is chlorpromazine
dopamine antagonist
helps balance between schizophrenia and Parkinsons symptoms
What are some challenges to the dopamine hypothesis
new drugs block serotonin(5-HT) receptors and may increase dopamine
What is the glutamate hypothesis
schizophrenia results from the underactivation of glutamate receptors
What are some characteristics of depression
unhappy mood,
loss of energy, appetite, and interest
more common in women
How does depression affect our bodies
-increased frontal ctx(overthinking) and amygdala(emotion) activity
-high levels of cortisol
-hypothalamus unresponsive to feedback
-monoamine theory
What is the monoamine theory
decreased serotonin and norepinephrine activity
What can help with depression
serotonin reuptake inhibitors(Prozac) can help
What is obsession
recurrent uncontrollable thoughts
WHat is compulsion
the uncontrollable need to perform certain behavior repeatedly
What is the correlation between obsessions and compulsions
Compulsions are to get rid of obsessions
What are the brain areas involved in OCD
increased activation of Frontal cortex(overthinking) caudate, and cingulate ctx(paying attention)
low levels of serotonin
What is a lobotomy
disconnecting parts of the frontal lobes from the rest of the brain
originally used to treat many psychiatric disorders
deep brain stimulation is also an option
What is a prions
abnormally folded proteins that can infect other proteins and make it like them
What is the process of how humans got Creutzfeldt- Jacob
scrapie caused by prions in sheep
contaminated tissue fed to cows(mad cow)
Humans eat the cow getting Creutzfeldt-Jacob
Too much dopamine
schizophrenia
