Sleep physiology and parasomnias Flashcards
what is sleep
normal recurring reversible state
not conscious or unconscious
at the start of sleep which is first, REM or non-REM
non-REM
what is brain activity like in
non-REM
REM
non-REM - synchronised and rhythmic
REM - similar to wakelfulness
what is muscle tone like in
non-REM
REM
non-REM - partially relaxed
REM - atonic except for resp and eye muscles
what is cerebral blood flow like in
non-REM
REM
non-REM - decreased CBF
REM - increased CBF
what are HR, BP and TV like in
non-REM
REM
non-REM decreased
REM - increased
are dreams narrative or non-narrative in
non-REM
REM
non-REM - non-narrative
REM - narrative
REM sleep is more important in adults/children
children for brain development
what are the 3 processes for sleep onset
homeostatic response emotional response circadian rhythm (25 hours)
what times of the day do we most need sleep
4am
2pm
what is non-REM sleep also known as
deep sleep
consequences of chronic sleep deprivation
irritability
lapse in concentration
impairs alertness, risk assessment, communication and innovation
chronic sleep deprivation impairs old, well rehearsed routine behaviour, true or false
false
what is a major cause for RTAs and death
chronic sleep deprivation
how many hours of sleep should you get a night
7-7.5 hours
what are parasomnias
sleep disorders
when are non-REM parasomnias
early night
when are REM parasomnias
late night
features of non-REM parasomnias
sleep walking confusional arousals non dreaming sleep terrors sleep paralysis bruxism restless legs PLMS complex behaviours
features of REM parasomnias
dreaming
atonia with dream interaction
PARKINSONS association
simpler behaviour
what is narcolepsy
rare long term brain condition that causes a person to fall asleep suddenly at inappropriate times
what are the clinical presentations of narcolepsy (5)
excessive daytime sleepiness cataplexy hypnagogic hallucinations sleep paralysis REM sleep behavioural disorder RBD
investigations for narcolepsy
overnight polysomnography
multiple sleep latency test
LP
LP findings in narcolepsy
low hypocretin levels in CSF
when narcoleptics fall asleep they go straight into non-REM sleep, true or false
false, they go straight into REM sleep
