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Neurology > Neurophysiology > Flashcards

Neurophysiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is an action potential

A

brief electrical impulse resulting in membrane potential being momentarily reversed

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2
Q

where is the site of initiation of the all or none action potential in a neuron

A

axon hillock

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3
Q

describe a unipolar neuron

A

1 neurite

peripheral autonomic neuron

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4
Q

describe a pseudounipolar neuron

A

1 neurite that bifurcates

dorsal root ganglion

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5
Q

describe a bipolar neuron

A

2 neurites

retinal neuron

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6
Q

describe a multipolar neuron

A

> =3 neurites
motor neurons
LMN

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7
Q

What is the overall ion movement in upstroke in an action potential

A

Na influx

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8
Q

What is the overall ion movement in downstroke in action potential

A

K efflux

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9
Q

what is membrane resistance

A

holes/channels that allow for ion leakage

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10
Q

What is length constant

A

distance a passive process travels

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11
Q

high membrane resistance means there are no leakages, true or false

A

true

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12
Q

higher the membrane resistance, the higher/lower the axoplasm resistance, the higher/lower the length constant

A

higher the membrane resistance, lower the axoplasm resistance, higher the length constant

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13
Q

increasing axon diameter increases/decreases axoplasm resistance

A

decreases

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14
Q

adding an insulating material increases/decreases membrane resistance

A

increases

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15
Q

myelinated axons conduct faster than non-myelinated axons, true or false

A

true

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16
Q

2 ways of increasing passive current spread

A

decrease axoplasm resistance with thicker axons

increase membrane resistance with myelin

17
Q

What types of synapses exist

A

axodendritic - commonest
axosomatic
axoaxonic - least common

18
Q

What is the major excitatory neurotransmitter

A

glutamine

19
Q

in the excitatory synapses, what are the properties of the receptor

A

cation, selective, ionotropic, glutamate receptors

20
Q

what are the major inhibitory neurotransmitters

A

GABA

glycine

21
Q

in the inhibitory synapse, what are the properties of the receptor

A

anion, selective, ionotropic, GABA/glycine receptors

22
Q

Of which ion is there an influx in epsp

A

Na+ influx

23
Q

Of which ion is there an influx in ipsp

A

Cl- influx

24
Q

What types of gating are present in neurotransmitter receptors

A

direct gating

indirect gating

25
Q

What receptor is involved in direct gating

A

ionotropic receptors

26
Q

What are ionotropic receptors and how fast is transmission

A

receptors that are also channels

rapid transmission

27
Q

What receptor is involved in indirect gating

A

metabotropic receptors

28
Q

What are metabotropic receptors and how fast is transmission

A

receptor with NO channel

slow transmission

29
Q

NMDA receptors are permeable to which ions

A

Ca, Na, K

30
Q

Non-NMDA receptors are permeable to which ions

A

Na, K

Neurology (25 decks)

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