Motor Neuron Disease Flashcards
what is MND
untreatable rapidly progressive neurodegenerative condition
sensory symptoms are present in MND, true or false
False, it is MOTOR neuron disease
what % of cases are sporadic and familial
90% sporadic
10% familial
what is the peak age for MND
50-75 yo
which classification of MND is most commonly used
UMN vs LMN
what does PLS stand for
primary lateral sclerosis
what does ALS stand for
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
what does PMA stand for
progressive muscular atrophy
what does FTD stand for
frontotemporal dementia
what does PBP stand for
progressive bulbar palsy
PLS is UMN/LMN
UMN
ALS is UMN/LMN
it is mixed
PMA is UMN/LMN
LMN
what is the most common type of MND
ALS
UMN disease features
hypertonia hyper reflexia plantar reflex spasticity jaw jerk reflex
LMN disease features
hypotonia hypo/absent reflexes muscle wasting muscle weakness fasciculations floppy
cognitive impairment is a feature of MND, true or false
true
what is split hand syndrome and what is a pattern of
preferential wasting of thenar group muscles seen in ALS
describe bulbar variant of MND
always generalises into ALS
breathing, speech, swallowing problems
how can MND present
in any way - there is no classical pattern mixed UMN and LMN disease dementia frontal bulbar presentation cachectic tongue fasciculation spinal dysfunction
MND is a diagnosis of exclusion, true or false
true
what other conditions should be excluded
MS Gullain Barré multifocal motor neuropathy - MMN Kennedy's inclusion body myositis radiculopathy
supportive management of MND
healthcare team
communication needs eg voice banking
nutrition - dietician, gastrostomy
ventilation
medical management of MND
riluzole
many side effects
taken as a last resort
what are respiratory red flags
SOB orthopnoea chest infection disturbed sleep nightmares daytime sleepiness
