sleep part 2 Flashcards
The person is in a transitional stage between wakefulness and sleep.
The person is in a relaxed state but still somewhat aware of the surroundings.
Involuntary muscle jerking may occur and waken the person.
The stage normally lasts only minutes.
The person can be aroused easily.
This stage constitutes only about 5% of total sleep.
NREM stage 1
The person falls into a stage of sleep.
The person can be aroused with relative ease.
This stage constitutes 50% to 55% of sleep.
NREM stage 2
The depth of sleep increases, and arousal becomes increasingly difficult.
This stage composes about 10% of sleep.
NREM stage 3
The person reaches the greatest depth of sleep, which is calleddelta sleep.
Arousal from sleep is difficult.
Physiologic changes in the body include the following:
Slow brain waves are recorded on an EEG.
Pulse and respiratory rates decrease.
Blood pressure decreases.
Muscles are relaxed.
Metabolism slows and the body temperature is low.
This constitutes about 10% of sleep.
NREM stage 4
More difficulty to arouse, 20%-25% of sleep time
“Dreaming”
Vivid recall
REM
WHAT IS INCREASED DURING REM?
increased HR, RR, BP, metabolic rate, and body temp
When are these things increased and decreased?
-heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, metabolic rate, and body temperature
Increased during REM
Decreased during NREM
Skeletal muscle tone and deep tendon reflexes are depressed
Essential in mental and emotional equilibrium
Learning, memory, and adaptation
REM
Eyes dart back and forth quickly.
Small muscle twitching, such as on the face
Large muscle immobility, resembling paralysis
Respirations irregular; sometimes interspersed with apnea
Rapid or irregular pulse
Blood pressure increases or fluctuates
Increase in gastric secretions
Metabolism increases; body temperature increases
Encephalogram tracings active
REM sleep enters from stage II of NREM sleep and reenters NREM sleep at stage II: arousal from sleep difficult
Constitutes about 20% to 25% of sleep
REM
