Sleep part 1 Flashcards
What is rest?
decreased state of activity; “feeling refreshed.”
What is sleep?
state of rest accompany by altered consciousness and relative inactivity
Sleep wake cycle
Wakefulness occurs when this system is activated?
RAS: reticular activating system in the brainstem
This controls many involuntary activities like sleeping and waking.
Hypothalamus
Physiology of Sleep:
What neurotransmitters do excitation?
Norepinephrine Acetylcholine Dopamine Serotonin Histamine
Physiology of Sleep:
What neurotransmitters do inhibition?
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)
What hormone regulates the sleep-wake-cycle and circadian rhythm?
melatonin
Physiologic/psychological rhythms are high or low during sleep and wake?
- awake: most active
- Sleep: rhythms are low
Explain the sleep cycle?
- Presleep sleepiness
- NREM stage 1
- NREM stage 2
- NREM stage 3
- NREM stage 4
- NREM stage 3
- NREM stage 2
- REM sleep
- back to NREM 2
What percent of sleep is NREM?
75%
What stages of NREM are light sleep?
I and II
What stages of NREM are deep sleep?
III and IV
What system dominates the NREM stages?
parasympathetic nervous system
What is decreased during the NREM where the parasympathetic nervous system dominates?
decrease in pulse, RR, BP, metabolic rate, body temp.
How long does each stage of NREM last?
- stage I: few minutes
- stage II: 10-20 minutes
- stage III and IV: 15 to 30 minutes
