Osteoporosis part 1 Flashcards
What is important to assess when looking at the musculoskeletal system when a patient has osteoporosis?
- Functional ability: ADLs, ability to perform various activities, problems related to mobility.
- Family hx
- General health maintenance; occupation
- learning needs; SES or factors
- Medications (including OTC)
- Smoking hx
Why is smoking related to osteoporosis?
nicotine reduces blood supply
- this causes hypoxia to tissues
- which decreases bone density and impairs healing
What should you physically assess for a pt with osteoporosis?
- pain, tenderness, altered sensation
- posture and gait
- bone integrity
- joint function
- muscle strength and size
- skin
- neurovascular status
What is the most prevalent bone disease in the world? And how many fractures related to this disease occur each year?
- Osteoporosis
- more than 1.5 million fractures occur each year
What is the pathophysiology behind osteoporosis?
- normal homeostatic bone turnover is altered
- rate of bone reabsorption is greater than the rate of bone formation
- this results in loss of total bone mass
What are the attributes of a bone with osteoporosis?
porous
brittle
fragile
breaks easily under stress
Where is the body does osteoporosis usually affect?
- compression fractures of the spine
- fractures of the neck or intertrochanteric region of femur
- Colles’ fracture of the wrist
chronic, progressive metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased bone fragility.
osteoporosis or porous bone (fragile bone disease)
What are the life related effects of osteoporosis?
- decrease quality of life
- loss of independence and mobility
- increased risk for falls
What percent of people will die within a year of a hip fracture?
20-30%
What are the 7 risk factors for osteoporosis?
genetics age nutrition physical exercise lifestyle choices medications comorbidity
What is a good way to predict hip fractures?
-impaired balance predicts hip fractures better than osteoporosis
Why is osteoporosis more common in women than men?
- women have lower calcium intake
- women have less bone mass
- bone resorption is accelerated at menopause (related to decreased amounts of estrogen)
- pregnancy and breastfeeding can deplete skeletal reserves
- women live longer
What birth control if used longer than 2 years puts a pt at risk for osteoporosis?
Depo-provera
-(especially if you have other risk factors)
What is the age recommendation for an initial bone scan?
before age 65 for women and 70 for men
-if results are normal the pt is at low risk and another scan is not needed for 15 years
