Sleep

Question 1

Patterns of sleep?

Answer 1

Sleep wake cycle, circadian rhythm (24 hours)
Determined by internal body clock - suprachiasmatic

Level of arousal, hormones (cortisol, melatonin)
Metabolism heart rate body temp influenced by this clock

Question 2

Different sleep rhythms…

Answer 2

Circadian Rythm, Physical , mental, behavioural patterns that follow a 24 hour cycle, Laregly relate to light and dark cycles, eg sleep/wake cycle

Ultradian Rythm, REM, NREM go 90 mins 4-6 sleep cycles in a typical night (less than 24 hours)

Infradian Rythmn, menstrual cycle, migration, seasonal change, (more than 24 hours)

Question 3

What is stage one NREM sleep

Answer 3

Dozing, falling asleep, hypnogogic jerks, losing awareness, light sleep, (alpha, theta) 5-10 mins
- no rapid eye movement sleep
NREM replenishes body

Question 4

Stage 2 NREM sleep?

Answer 4

Truly asleep, everything continues to slow, (theta, with spindles. High frequency and k complexes- low frequency high amplitude)
May still not think asleep (50% of total sleep)
10-15 mins
sleep spindles

Question 5

Stage 3 NREM sleep

Answer 5

Deeper sleep, more slowing of bodily functions eg heart rate, breathing, (theta, delta) eyes do not move.
20-25 mins
slow wave sleep

Question 6

Stage 4 NREM sleep

Answer 6

Deepest, hard to wake, disoriented (delta), no eye movement
20-25 mins
sleep walking, sleep talking , bed wetting, night terrors

Question 7

Rapid eye movement sleep-

Answer 7

R.E.M.- rapid eye movement, dream sleep
Lighter sleep than stage 3 and 4 NREM
Physiological changes- increased heart rate, blood pressure, breathing
Muscles very relaxed - cataplexy or muscle Antonia
Replenishes brain

Question 8

how long does average cycle of sleep last?

Answer 8

1 and a half hours

Question 9

How much time (percentage wise) is spent in NREM and REM sleep?

Answer 9

80% is spent in NREM sleep and 20% is spent in REM sleep

Question 10

DREAMS…

Answer 10

Occur during REM sleep, a lot of BETA brainwaves shown due to high Neuron activity, dreams are 50% in black and white. Lucid dreaming is when u are aware u are dreaming, u can control your dream.

Question 11

Different states of sleep…

Answer 11

Hypnogogic state- when u role into first stage of sleep (alpha waves beginning)
Hypnic Jerk
Sleep spindle
K complex
Slow wave sleep
Hynopompic state- Rolling out of sleep, where lucid dreaming can occur.

Question 12

WHy sleep?

Answer 12

Restorative theory - rest and recovery

Evolutionary theory - survival/ evolutionary trait

Question 13

WHat are the two theories for needing sleep?

Answer 13

Restorative theory

Evolutionary theory

Question 14

Restorative theory ..

Answer 14

focuses on people and animals needing sleep to replenish energy

Question 15

Evolutionary theory ..

Answer 15

Focuses on sleep being needed for survival