Sleep Flashcards
Areas of the brain involved in sleep
- Posterior hypothalamus
- Anterior hypothalamus
- Reticular Activating System
- nuclei in the caudal reticular formation
- medullary inhibitory area(MIA)
Posterior Hypothalamus functions
Area Promotes wakefulness
-Damage results in excess sleepiness
Anterior hypothalamus Function
Area Promotes sleepinedd
-Damage results in wakefulness
Stimulation of reticular activating system leads to …
wakefulness
Nuclei in the caudal reticular formation controls…
REM
Area related to sleep paralysis
medullary inhibitory area(MIA)
How does sleep paralysis works
- Pons activated, which excites MIA by projections
- The medullary center inhibits the motor neurons and gives rise to atonia.
you are in stage 4…what stage are you about to go into
3
Activation-Synthesis
During dream state…brain ( cortex) randomly firing. Trying to make sense of sensations being given.
Recuperation theories
- Sleep is needed to restore homeostasis
- Wakefulness causes a deviation from homeostasis
Circadian theories
- Sleep is the result of an internal timing mechanism
- Sleep evolved to protect us from the dangers of the night
Big effect of sleep deprivation includes…
worse executive functions
- Assimilating changing information
- Updating plans and strategies
- Innovative, lateral, insightful thinking
- Reference memory
What sleep deprivation has no major effect on
- Logical deduction, critical thinking
- Physical strength and motor performance
What role does alcohol play in REM?
It inhibits it
Do Antidepressant REM-blocking drugs interfere with memory?
NO
Default theory
Default theory: it is difficult to remain in NREM sleep
REM is to maintain wakefulness (default state)
-Waking up in REM you will feel wakeful
Effects of Shift Work & Jet Lag
Sleep disturbance
Fatigue
General malaise
Deficit in physical and cognitive functioning
What is better Accelerated or Decelerated Jet Lag?
Decelerated (West Bound)
Easier to wake up and sleep later
Where is the Ciradian Clock located
Biological Clock
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus in the Medial Hypothalamus
Hypersomnia
Excessive Sleepiness
How many people claim to have a sleeping disorder?
30% but only few actually have one
Iatrogenic insomnia is caused by
- Sleeping pill use
- Can be treated with SLEEP RESTRICTION, ass. bed only w/sleep
Obstructive Apnea
obstruction of respiratory passages by muscle spasms or atonia
Central Apnea
CNS fails to initiate breaths
Periodic limb movement disorder and Restless legs are treated with….
benzodiazepines
