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Year 12 Psychology 2025 > Sleep > Flashcards

Sleep Flashcards

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1
Q

Alpha waves

A

medium sized brain waves with medium-high frequency and low-medium amplitude, indicating an alert but relaxed state p. 276

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2
Q

Altered states of consciousness (ASC)

A

a state of consciousness that is characterised by different levels of awareness as compared to normal waking consciousness p. 254

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3
Q

Amplified emotional response

A

disproportionate emotional reactions in response to an event or stimuli p. 319

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4
Q

Amplitude

A

a measurement indicating the intensity of an electric current in the brain, visually represented as the height of the wave peaks p. 275

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5
Q

Automatic processes

A

(also known as automatic tasks) tasks that require low levels of mental processing p. 259

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6
Q

Beta waves

A

fast, small brain waves with high frequency and low amplitude, indicating high levels of alertness p. 276

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7
Q

Blood alcohol concentration (BAC)

A

a measure of how much alcohol is in a person?s blood p. 325

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8
Q

Brain wave

A

a pattern of electrical current in the brain caused by neurons communicating, visually represented as a wave p. 274

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9
Q

Bright light therapy

A

a method used to adjust a person?s circadian rhythm through exposure to a high-intensity light source p. 345

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10
Q

Circadian phase disorder

A

a sleep disorder which interferes with the normal regulation of the circadian rhythm of sleep, leading to a change in the sleep-wake cycle p. 331

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11
Q

Circadian rhythm

A

changes to physiological function or activity that occur as part of a cycle that lasts around 24 hours p. 292

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12
Q

Cognition

A

the mental processes an individual performs in order to understand and process information p. 320, 326

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13
Q

Cognitive tasks

A

a form of assessment that measures some aspect of a person’s thought processes p. 269

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14
Q

Concentration

A

the ability to focus on certain stimuli or tasks p. 326

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15
Q

Consciousness

A

the awareness of internal and external stimuli p. 253

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16
Q

Consciousness continuum

A

a progression of states of consciousness ranging from least aware to most aware

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17
Q

Controlled processes

A

(also known as controlled tasks) tasks that require high levels of mental processing p. 259

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18
Q

Delta waves

A

slow and large brain waves with low frequency and high amplitude, indicating very low levels of alertness p. 276

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19
Q

Depressants

A

a class of drugs that reduce central nervous system and body activity, reducing levels of alertness compared to NWC p. 277

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20
Q

Electro-oculograph (EOG)

A

a device that detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity of the muscles surrounding the eyes p. 268

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21
Q

Electroencephalograph (EEG)

A

a device that detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity of the brain p. 267

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22
Q

Electromyograph (EMG)

A

a device that detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity of the body?s muscles

23
Q

Emotional awareness

A

the understanding and control people have over their feelings, as well as the ability to accurately perceive the emotions of others p. 261

24
Q

Frequency

A

a measurement indicating how many brain waves there are per second, visually represented as how close the waves appear together p. 275

25
Q

Induced altered states of consciousness

A

a type of altered state of consciousness that occurs due to a purposeful action or aid p. 254

26
Q

Levels of awareness

A

(also known as awareness) the degree to which an individual is conscious of stimuli p. 258

27
Q

Mood

A

the emotional state a person is in at a given time p. 326

28
Q

Naturally occurring altered states of consciousness

A

a type of altered state of consciousness that occurs without intervention p. 254

29
Q

Normal waking consciousness (NWC)

A

the state of being awake and aware of internal and external stimuli p. 253

30
Q

NREM (Non rapid eye movement) sleep

A

a type of sleep that is subdivided into three different stages, where the sleeper does not experience any rapid eye movement p. 294

31
Q

Partial sleep deprivation

A

when an individual sleeps for some duration within a 24 hour period, but the sleep duration is too short, or the quality of sleep is poor p. 319

32
Q

Perceptual and cognitive distortions

A

atypical (abnormal) variation in the way an individual interprets and processes stimuli p. 260

33
Q

Psychological construct

A

an agreed upon description and understanding of psychological phenomena which cannot be overtly measured or observed p. 252

34
Q

REM (Rapid eye movement) sleep

A

a type of sleep where the sleeper experiences rapid eye movement beneath closed eyelids p. 293

35
Q

Self-control

A

A person?s ability to restrain or hold composure over their thoughts, feelings and actions p. 261

36
Q

Shift work

A

an occupation which involves working at unusual hours, such as working overnight p. 332

37
Q

Sleep

A

a regular and naturally-occurring altered state of consciousness that involves disengagement with internal and external stimuli p. 292

38
Q

Sleep cycle

A

a proportion of a sleep episode in which the sleeper progresses through stages of REM and NREM sleep, lasting on average 90 minutes for humans p. 293

39
Q

Sleep deprivation

A

inadequate duration or poor quality of sleep p. 318

40
Q

Sleep diaries

A

a record from an individual containing qualitative descriptions of the amount and nature of their sleep over a certain period of time p. 269

41
Q

Sleep disorder

A

a consistent presence of a particular sleep disturbance which has profound impacts on an individual?s sleep, leading to persistent effects on day to day functioning p. 337

42
Q

Sleep episode

A

the full duration of time spent asleep p. 293

43
Q

Sleep-wake cycle

A

a daily cycle that is made up of time spent sleeping and time being awake and alert p. 292

44
Q

Sleep-wake cycle shift in adolescence

A

a type of circadian phase disorder where adolescents experience delayed sleep-onset and hence delayed wake p. 332

45
Q

Sleep-walking

A

(also known as somnambulism) a type of parasomnia which involves standing up and undertaking actions or tasks while asleep p. 338

46
Q

Speed

A

the rate at which a person responds to a stimulus in a task p. 269

47
Q

Stimulants

A

a class of drugs that increase central nervous system and body activity, increasing levels of alertness compared to NWC p. 276

48
Q

Theta waves

A

medium sized brain waves with low-medium frequency and medium-high amplitude, indicating low levels of alertness p. 276

49
Q

Time orientation

A

the perception of how much or how little time has elapsed, and the ability to situate things in the past, present or future p. 261

50
Q

Total sleep deprivation

A

(also known as full sleep deprivation) when an individual has no sleep within a 24 hour period p. 318

51
Q

Ultradian rhythm

A

changes to physiological function or activity that arise as part of a cycle which occurs within 24 hours p. 293

52
Q

Video monitoring

A

a type of data collection involving video and sound recordings of an individual in their sleeping period p. 270

53
Q

Zeitgeber

A

a rhythmically occurring natural phenomenon which acts as a cue in the regulation of the body’s circadian rhythms.

54
Q

Blue light

A

is a range of the visible light spectrum that is emitted from smartphone screens, computer monitors, televisions, LED and fluorescent light bulbs, as well as the sun. Blue light has the most influence on the circadian rhythm through its powerful inhibition of melatonin.

Year 12 Psychology 2025 (10 decks)

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