Sl 9 Flashcards
Sensation
Sensory info brought t our conscious awareness
Perception
Understanding of said sensation
Sensory transduction
Sensory stimulus is transformed into electrical response
A larger stimulus causes
Increased firing rate and greater NT release
Adaptation of receptors
Can be fast or slow adapting, sensors will changein sensitivity
Tonic receptors
Slow decay of receptor potential, - places that need constant monitoring
Phase receptors
Quickly cease response to continued stimuli
Primary sensory coding
Conversion of stimulus energy into a signal that can be precived by CNS
Sensory unit
Single efferent neuron, and all its receptor endings
Receptive field
When stimulated all receptor endings lead to activity
Three ways sensory coding is achieved
Stimulus type, strength, location
Receptors ore only sensitive to one modality
Adequate stimulus
Ascending pathways
Carry info up to the brain
Visual cortex corresponds to what lobe
Occipital
Auditory cortex is connected to what lobe
Temporal
Somatosensory complex lobe
Parietal
Propriception
Provide info about are bodies position in space
Golgi tendon organs and muscle spinal stretch receptors are what
Mechanoreceptors
Golgi tendon organs
Activated by stretch
Muscle spindle stretch receptors
Monitor rate of change in muscle length
Thermo receptors
originate in issue as free nerve endings
TRP proteins
Transient receptor potential proteins that act as temp sensing ion channels
What do opioids do
Inhibit neurotransmitter release
Why does refereed pain occur
Visceral and somatic affronts coverage on same neurons in spinal cord
Sclera of eye
White part of eye
Choroid
Posterior = absorbs light, anterior = iris and ciliary muscle
Iris
Determines pupil size
Retina
Extension of CNS, contains many neurons and photoreceptors
Aqueous humor
Anterior chamber filled with viscous fluidI between lens and retina
Myopia
Length of eyeball causes light to converge anterior to retina. Can be corrected with concave lens
Hyperopia
Light coverages posterior to retina.can be corrected with convex lens
Farsightedness
Rods
Low level of light, out number cones
Cones
’ Bright light
Photopigments consist of
Opsin protein + chromophonemolecule
Photo receptors are
Depolarize at rest and hyper polarized in light
In the dark intracellular C GMP is
High + ligand gated channels open
In the eye action potentials occur at =, and graded potentials occur at =
Ganglion cells. photoreceptors
Middle of ear consists of
Malleuls S incus, stapes
Cochlea consists of
Cochlear duct, scala vestibule and tympani. And oval round windows
Stereo cilia in ear
Extend to endo lymph and move in response to fluid movement to generate actionpotentials
Vestibular system of ear
Contains semicircular canals and utricle and saccule
Utricle
Horizontal movement / linear acceleration
Saccule
Linear acceleration in vertical plane
Semicircular movement
Angular / rotational head movement
Tips of stereo cilia responsible for
Depolarization, ap
