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SP16 Anatomy Exam 2 > Skull, Face, Scalp > Flashcards

Skull, Face, Scalp Flashcards

1
Q

what are the four sutures of the skull

A

coronal
sagittal
squamosal
lambdoidal

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2
Q

what are the 2 intersections on the skull?

A

bregma

lambda

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3
Q

what are the bones of the face

A 
nasal
maxilla
zygomatic
mandible
lacrimal
vomer, inferior nasal conchae
palatine bone
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4
Q

whats the general term for bones of the face?

A

viscerocranium

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5
Q

what are the 6 bones of the orbit

A 
frontal
zygomatic
maxilla
lacrimal and ethmoid
sphenoid
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6
Q

what are the 5 features of the orbit?

A 
supraortibal foramen/notch
optic canal (foramen)
superior ortbital fissure
inferior orbital fissure
lacriminal groove
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7
Q

what is the roof of the nasal cavity

A

nasal bones, frontal sinus, ethmoid, sphenoid sinus

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8
Q

what is the floor and lateral wall of the nasal cavity

A

maxillary bones

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9
Q

what is the floor of the nasal cavity

A

palatine horizontal plate

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10
Q

what is the medial wall of the nasal cavity

A

vomer and perpendicular plate of ethmoid bones

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11
Q

what is another feature of the nasal septum?

A

medial wall

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12
Q

what are the features of the nasal cavity

A

nasal conchae
superior nasal conchae
middle nasal conchae
inferior nasal conchae

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13
Q

what are the 2 features of the maxilla

A

infraorbital foramina

alveolar processes

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14
Q

what are the 2 features of the mandible

A

mental foramen and alveolar processes

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15
Q

what is the anterior cranial fossa hold?

A

frontal lobes

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16
Q

what does the middle cranial fossa hold?

A

temporal lobes

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17
Q

what does the posterior cranial fossa hold?

A

cerebellum and brainstem

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18
Q

what is the paranasal sinus lined with?

A

mucousal membrane

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19
Q

what is the paranasal sinus continous with?

A

nasal cavity

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20
Q

what does the paranasal sinus do for bones?

A

make bones lighter

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21
Q

what does the paranasal sinus add to voice?

A

resonance

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22
Q

what are the paranasal sinuses?

A

frontal sinuses
ethmoid air cells
sphenoid sinuses
maxillary sinuses

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23
Q

what is important about the foramina of the skull?

A

allow vessels and cranial nn to exit cranial vault

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24
Q

what are the layers of the SCALP?

A 
skin
connective tissue (dense)
aponeurotic layer
loose connective tissue
pericranium
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25
Q

where would scalp lacerations happen and what could the outcome be?

A

Happen in the Connective tissue layer

outcome: bleed to death

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26
Q

why do infections spread easy in the loose areolar tissue?

A

spread easy
travel into cranial cavity (through emissary veins) to meniges
-fluid can move into eyelids and root of nose

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27
Q

what do the 3 auricularis mm do?

A

protract, elevate, and retract ears

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28
Q

what muscle moves the scalp back and forth?

A

occipitofrontalis m

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29
Q

what are the 3 things that make the occipitofrontalis m?

A

occipitalis m
galea aponeurotica
frontalis m

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30
Q

what is the action for the frontalis muscle?

A

elevates eyebrows, wrinkles skin of forehead, protracts scalp

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31
Q

what does the occipitalis muscle do?

A

retracts scalp, increasing effectiveness of frontal belly

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32
Q

what does the anterior auricularis muscle do?

A

protract ear

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33
Q

what does the superior auricularis muscle do?

A

elevate ear

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34
Q

what does the posterior auricularis muscle do?

A

retract ear

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35
Q

what nerve innervates muscles of facial expression?

A

facial nerve

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36
Q

what are the 3 muscles of the eye region?

A

frontalis m
corrugator supercilii m
orbicularis oculi m

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37
Q

action of frontalis m?

A

raises eyebrow (surprise)

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38
Q

action of corrugator supercilii m?

A

draws eyebrow in (frowning)

39
Q

action of orbicularis oculi m?

A

closes eye (winking)

40
Q

what are the 3 muscles of the nasal region

A

procerus m
nasalis m
levator labii superioris alaeque nasi m

41
Q

action of procerus m?

A

wrinkles bridge of nose

42
Q

action of nasalis m?

A

compresses and dilates nostri;

43
Q

action of levator labii superioris alaeque nasi m?

A

dilates nostril

44
Q

what are the 6 superficial muscles of the mouth region

A 
orbicularis oris
levator labii superioris
zygomaticus major/minor
depressor anguli oris
risorius
mentalis
45
Q

action of orbicularis oris?

A

closes mouth

46
Q

action of levator labii superioris?

A

elevates upper lip

47
Q

action of zygomaticus major/minor?

A

draws mouth up

48
Q

action of depressor anguli oris?

A

depresses angle of mouth

49
Q

action of risorius?

A

retracts the corner of the mouth

50
Q

action of mentalis?

A

protrudes lower lip

51
Q

what are the 3 deep muscles of the mouth region?

A

buccinator
levator anguli oris
depressor labii inferioris

52
Q

action of buccinator?

A

compresses cheek and assists with mastication

53
Q

action of levator anguli oris?

A

elevates angle of mouth

54
Q

action of depressor labii inferioris?

A

depresses lower lip

55
Q

what are the 4 muscles of mastication?

A

temporalis
massester
medial pterygoid
lateral pterygoid

56
Q

action of temporalis?

A

elevates and retracts mandible

57
Q

action of masster?

A

elevates and clenches mandible

58
Q

action of med. pterygoid?

A

elevates, protrudes, and rotates mandible

59
Q

action of lateral pterygoid?

A

protrudes and rotates mandible; opens mouth

60
Q

what does the trigeminal nerve innervate?

A

sensory to the face and scalp

61
Q

what does the cervical n innervate

A

sensory to the back of head, ears, and jaw

62
Q

what does the facial nerve innervate?

A

motor to the mm of facial expression

63
Q

what does the mandibular (CN V3) innervate?

A

motor to mm of mastication

64
Q

what is CN V1 division?

A

ophthalmic

65
Q

what are the 5 nerves of the sensory innervation of CN V1 division?

A 
supraorbital n
supratrochlear n
infratrochlear n
external nasal n
lacrimal n
66
Q

what is the CN V2 division?

A

maxillary division

67
Q

what are the 3 nerves of sensory innervationof CN V2 division?

A

zygomaticotemporal n
zygomaticofacial n
infraorbital n

68
Q

what is the CN V3 division?

A

mandibular

69
Q

what are the 3 sensory innervations for CN V3 division

A

auriculotemporal n
buccal n
mental n

70
Q

what does parotid duct transmit?

A

saliva from gland

71
Q

where does it come out in the oral cavity?

A

parotid papilla

72
Q

what is calculus formation associated with?

A

chronic parotiditis

73
Q

what happens with salivary fistulas?

A

duct ligation

74
Q

what is Frey’s syndrome?

A

gustatory sweating

75
Q

what nerve runs through parotid gland?

A

facial n

76
Q

what can happen if you damage facial nerve?

A

paralysis of facial mm on affected ide

77
Q

what nerve is in danger duing a parotidectomy?

A

facial n

78
Q

what does facial nerve innervate

A

facial expression muscles

79
Q

what does the facial nerve exit?

A

stylomastoid foramen

80
Q

what does the facial nerve bifuricate into?

A

superior temprofacial branch

inferior cervicofacial branch

81
Q

what are the branches of the facial nerve

A 
temporal
zygomatic
buccal
marginal mandibular
cervical
posterior auricular
82
Q

what is the most common cause of facial paralysis

A

bell’s palsy

83
Q

what nerve is associated with bell’s palsy

A

facial nerve

84
Q

what is the action of buccal fat pad?

A

provides protection for parotid duct and CN VII

85
Q

what branch of the facial nerve is associated with buccinator m

A

buccal branch of facial nerve

86
Q

buccal branch from facial nerve is motor or sensory?

A

motor

87
Q

what is the branch of the trigeminal n for buccinator m

A

buccal branch

88
Q

buccal branch from trigeminal n (CN V3) is sensory or motor?

A

sensory

89
Q

what is the superficial temporal artery a branch of?

A

external carotid a

90
Q

where does the superficial temporal vein drain to?

A

retromandibular vein

91
Q

what does the superficial temporal artery & vein run with?

A

auriculotemporal nerve

92
Q

what does the transverse facial artery and vein supply?

A

blood to upper cheek region (parotid gland, duct, and masseter m)

93
Q

what are the branches of the superficial temporal vessels?

A

transverse facial artery & vein

SP16 Anatomy Exam 2 (14 decks)

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