Skull and muscles of mastication

Question 1

what does the neurocranium enclose

Answer 1

cranial cavity

Question 2

what does the viscerocranium enclose

Answer 2

orbit, nasal and oral cavities

Question 3

what are the 2 divisions of the neurocranium

Answer 3

calvarium and cranial base

Question 4

what is the name of the meeting point between the coronal and saggital sutures

Answer 4

bregma

Question 5

what is the name of the meeting point between the squamosal and coronal sutures

Answer 5

pterion

Question 6

what is the name of the meeting point between the lamboidal and saggital sutures

Answer 6

lambda

Question 7

before the cranial sutures fuse what are the membranes called

Answer 7

fontanelles

Question 8

what is the purpose of fontanelles

Answer 8

allow flexibility of skull during childbirth
accomodates braingrowth

Question 9

what results from premature fusion of coronal sutures

Answer 9

craniosynotosis

Question 10

what is hydrocepahlus

Answer 10

increased pressure of fluid in the skull

Question 11

what is the weakest point of the skull

Answer 11

pterion

Question 12

what does the pterion overly

Answer 12

middle meningeal artery

Question 13

what does the frontal bone form part of

Answer 13

the anterior cranial fossa and roof of orbit

Question 14

what does the occipital bone form

Answer 14

part of the posterior cranial fossa

Question 15

what passes in the hypoglossal canal

Answer 15

cranial nerve 7 , hypoglossal

Question 16

what does the temporal bone form part of

Answer 16

muddle and posterior fossae

Question 17

what is the sphenoid bone part of

Answer 17

anterior and middle cranial fossaw

Question 18

where do the meninges attach

Answer 18

4 clinoid processes

Question 19

what openings are in the sphenoid bones

Answer 19

optic canal, superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale

Question 20

what is the ethmoid bone part of

Answer 20

the anterior crnial fossa

Question 21

which part of the ethmoid bone has holes opening into the nasal cavity

Answer 21

cribriform plate

Question 22

where are the upper teeth embedded

Answer 22

the alveolar ridge

Question 23

what part of the skull does the maxilla belong

Answer 23

viscero cranium

Question 24

describe the maxilla

Answer 24

floor of orbit
floor and lateral wall of nasal cavity
hard palate

Question 25

what part of the cranium does the zygomatic belong

Answer 25

viscerocranium

Question 26

what does the zygomatic articulate with

Answer 26

maxilla, sphenoid, frontal and temporal bones

Question 27

what forms the zygomatic arch

Answer 27

zygomatic bone and part of the temporal bone

Question 28

what is the zygomatic part of

Answer 28

lateral wall of orbit lateral walls of temporal and infratemporal fossae

Question 29

describe the palatine bone

Answer 29

floor of orbit floor and lateral wall of nasal cavity hard papalte

Question 30

describe the lacrimal bone

Answer 30

medial wall of orbit lateral wall of nasal cavity

Question 31

describe the turbinate bones

Answer 31

lateral wall of nasal cavity 3 conchae project into the cavity on each side nasal septum fivides

Question 32

describe the nasal bone

Answer 32

forms bridge of nose

Question 33

what does the nasal bone articulate with

Answer 33

frontal, maxilla and ethmoid

Question 34

what is the vomer bone

Answer 34

part of the nasal septum

Question 35

what does the vomer articulate with

Answer 35

maxilla, palatine, sphenoid and ethmoid

Question 36

what makes up the nasal septum

Answer 36

ethmoid, vomer, cartilage

Question 37

what is the vomeronasal organ

Answer 37

where the vomer meets the palate containing receptors for pheromones

Question 38

what does tmj stand for

Answer 38

temperomandibular joint

Question 39

what type of joint is the tmj

Answer 39

modified hinge synovial joint

Question 40

describe the TMJ

Answer 40

head rotates on disc, head and disc translate on fossa ie when opening the mouth, the head rotates as it and the disc move anteriorly toward the articular tubercle

Question 41

what causes clicking and difficulty opening the jaw

Answer 41

the articular disc being displaced anteriorly

Question 42

what happens in dislocation of the jaw

Answer 42

condyloid process dislocates anteriorly muscles tighten and hinder repositioning inability to close moth

Question 43

how to reduce jaw dislocation

Answer 43

mandible is inferiorly translated and gently retracted into place

Question 44

4 pairs of muscles of mastication

Answer 44

Masseter Temporalis Medial pterigoid Lateral pterygoid

Question 45

action of the muscles of mastication

Answer 45

MTM - elevate mandible LP- depress mandible

Question 46

innervation of the muscles of mastication

Answer 46

mandibular division of trigeminal V3

Question 47

attachments and action of the masseter

Answer 47

zygomatic arch -> angle of mandible elevate and protrude mandible

Question 48

attachments and action of temporalis

Answer 48

temporal fossa -> coronoid process of mandible elevate and retract mandible

Question 49

attachments and action of the lateral pterygoid

Answer 49

Lateral pterygoid plate and sphenoid -> condyloid process and articular disc depress and protrude mandible

Question 50

attachments and action of the medial pterygoid

Answer 50

lateral pterygoid plate and maxilla -> angle of mandible (internally) elevate and protrude mandible

Question 51

3 divisions of trigeminal nerve

Answer 51

v1- opthalmic v2 maxillary v3 mandibular

Question 52

function of V1 and V2

Answer 52

sensory innervation to face, oral/nasal/orbital cavityies

Question 53

function of v3

Answer 53

motor innervation of muscles of mastication