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Anatomy > Skull and muscles of mastication > Flashcards

Skull and muscles of mastication Flashcards

1
Q

what does the neurocranium enclose

A

cranial cavity

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2
Q

what does the viscerocranium enclose

A

orbit, nasal and oral cavities

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3
Q

what are the 2 divisions of the neurocranium

A

calvarium and cranial base

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4
Q

what is the name of the meeting point between the coronal and saggital sutures

A

bregma

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5
Q

what is the name of the meeting point between the squamosal and coronal sutures

A

pterion

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6
Q

what is the name of the meeting point between the lamboidal and saggital sutures

A

lambda

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7
Q

before the cranial sutures fuse what are the membranes called

A

fontanelles

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8
Q

what is the purpose of fontanelles

A

allow flexibility of skull during childbirth
accomodates braingrowth

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9
Q

what results from premature fusion of coronal sutures

A

craniosynotosis

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10
Q

what is hydrocepahlus

A

increased pressure of fluid in the skull

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11
Q

what is the weakest point of the skull

A

pterion

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12
Q

what does the pterion overly

A

middle meningeal artery

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13
Q

what does the frontal bone form part of

A

the anterior cranial fossa and roof of orbit

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14
Q

what does the occipital bone form

A

part of the posterior cranial fossa

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15
Q

what passes in the hypoglossal canal

A

cranial nerve 7 , hypoglossal

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16
Q

what does the temporal bone form part of

A

muddle and posterior fossae

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17
Q

what is the sphenoid bone part of

A

anterior and middle cranial fossaw

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18
Q

where do the meninges attach

A

4 clinoid processes

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19
Q

what openings are in the sphenoid bones

A

optic canal, superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale

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20
Q

what is the ethmoid bone part of

A

the anterior crnial fossa

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21
Q

which part of the ethmoid bone has holes opening into the nasal cavity

A

cribriform plate

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22
Q

where are the upper teeth embedded

A

the alveolar ridge

23
Q

what part of the skull does the maxilla belong

A

viscero cranium

24
Q

describe the maxilla

A

floor of orbit
floor and lateral wall of nasal cavity
hard palate

25
Q

what part of the cranium does the zygomatic belong

A

viscerocranium

26
Q

what does the zygomatic articulate with

A

maxilla, sphenoid, frontal and temporal bones

27
Q

what forms the zygomatic arch

A

zygomatic bone and part of the temporal bone

28
Q

what is the zygomatic part of

A

lateral wall of orbit
lateral walls of temporal and infratemporal fossae

29
Q

describe the palatine bone

A

floor of orbit
floor and lateral wall of nasal cavity
hard papalte

30
Q

describe the lacrimal bone

A

medial wall of orbit
lateral wall of nasal cavity

31
Q

describe the turbinate bones

A

lateral wall of nasal cavity
3 conchae project into the cavity on each side
nasal septum fivides

32
Q

describe the nasal bone

A

forms bridge of nose

33
Q

what does the nasal bone articulate with

A

frontal, maxilla and ethmoid

34
Q

what is the vomer bone

A

part of the nasal septum

35
Q

what does the vomer articulate with

A

maxilla, palatine, sphenoid and ethmoid

36
Q

what makes up the nasal septum

A

ethmoid, vomer, cartilage

37
Q

what is the vomeronasal organ

A

where the vomer meets the palate containing receptors for pheromones

38
Q

what does tmj stand for

A

temperomandibular joint

39
Q

what type of joint is the tmj

A

modified hinge synovial joint

40
Q

describe the TMJ

A

head rotates on disc, head and disc translate on fossa
ie when opening the mouth, the head rotates as it and the disc move anteriorly toward the articular tubercle

41
Q

what causes clicking and difficulty opening the jaw

A

the articular disc being displaced anteriorly

42
Q

what happens in dislocation of the jaw

A

condyloid process dislocates anteriorly
muscles tighten and hinder repositioning
inability to close moth

43
Q

how to reduce jaw dislocation

A

mandible is inferiorly translated and gently retracted into place

44
Q

4 pairs of muscles of mastication

A

Masseter
Temporalis
Medial pterigoid
Lateral pterygoid

45
Q

action of the muscles of mastication

A

MTM - elevate mandible
LP- depress mandible

46
Q

innervation of the muscles of mastication

A

mandibular division of trigeminal V3

47
Q

attachments and action of the masseter

A

zygomatic arch -> angle of mandible
elevate and protrude mandible

48
Q

attachments and action of temporalis

A

temporal fossa -> coronoid process of mandible
elevate and retract mandible

49
Q

attachments and action of the lateral pterygoid

A

Lateral pterygoid plate and sphenoid -> condyloid process and articular disc
depress and protrude mandible

50
Q

attachments and action of the medial pterygoid

A

lateral pterygoid plate and maxilla -> angle of mandible (internally)
elevate and protrude mandible

51
Q

3 divisions of trigeminal nerve

A

v1- opthalmic
v2 maxillary
v3 mandibular

52
Q

function of V1 and V2

A

sensory innervation to face, oral/nasal/orbital cavityies

53
Q

function of v3

A

motor innervation of muscles of mastication

Anatomy (6 decks)

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