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Anatomy Written 2 > Skull > Flashcards

Skull Flashcards

1
Q

Foramen

A

hole

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2
Q

Process

A

protruding structure’

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3
Q

Meatus

A

canal, tunnel, deep grove

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4
Q

Squamous

A

wide, flattened region

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5
Q

Fossa

A

Depression

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6
Q

Sinus

A

chamber

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7
Q

Condyle

A

rounded articular surface

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8
Q

Viscero or Splanchno

A

pertaining to organs

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9
Q

Skull is divided into two parts

A
  1. Neurocranium - 8 bones - brain/cranial vault

2. Viscerocranium - 15 bones - rest of facial area

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10
Q

Bone Development (prenatal)

A
  1. Enchondral - the cranial base, bones are joined by synchondroses
  2. Intramembranous - cranial vault and viscerocranium, bones are joined by sutures
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11
Q

Bone Development (postnatal)

A

Neurocranium bones are separated, but will “grow” closer together
Anterior and Posterior Fontanelles

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12
Q

Sutures

A

Immobile, fibrous joints connecting MOST skull bones formed by intramembranous ossification

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13
Q

Name sutures

A 
Sagittal - btw right and left parietals
Coronal - btw frontal and parietals
Squamosal - btw temporal and parietal
Lambdoidal - btw occipital and parietals
Metopic - btw developing right and left frontal bones (obliterates)
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14
Q

Clinical Correlation - Sutures

A

Craniosynostosis - premature fusion of sutures

Results in various skull shapes depending on affected structures

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15
Q

Synchondroses

A

Immobile joints connecting cranial base bones formed by endochondral ossification
!. Sphenooccipital Synchondroses

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16
Q

Clinical Correlation - Synchondroses

A

Achondroplasia - type of dwarfism
Affects endochondral ossification so results in short limb bones and a shortened cranial base because of premature closure of the synchondroses

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17
Q

Temporal Mandibular Joint

A

(TMJ) - only movable joint in skull

Head of mandible (codyle) rides on articular tubercle, not against the mandibular fossa

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18
Q

Frontal Bone

A

Neurocranium

Squamosal and orbital parts

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19
Q

Temporal Bone

A

Neurocranium
Tympanic Part (technically viscerocranium)
Petro=mastoid part
Squamous part

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20
Q

Occipital Bone

A

Neurocranium
Squamous part
Condylar Part
Basilar Part

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21
Q

Ethmoid

A

Part of the neuro and viscercranium

22
Q

Bregma

A

The point where the sagittal and coronal sutures meet

23
Q

Lambda

A

The point at the intersection of the sagittal and lambdoidal sutures

24
Q

Glabella

A

The most anterior midline point of the frontal boen

25
Q

Nasion

A

The point of intersection of the nasofrontal suture and the mid-sagittal plane

26
Q

Pterion

A

The highly variabale area that represents the intersection of the frontal, temporal, sphenoid, and parietal bones
Extremely thin and prone to fracture - damage to the middle meningial artery

27
Q

Vertex

A

Most superior part of the cranium, typically posterior to bregma

28
Q

Foramen Cecum

A

Nasal emissary vein to superior sagittal sinus

29
Q

Foramina in Cribriform PLate

A

Axons of olfactory neurons from CN 1

30
Q

Optic Canal

A

CN II

Ophthalmic arteries

31
Q

Superior Orbital Fissure

A

Ophthalmic veins
Branches of ophthalmic CN V1
CN III, IV, VI (oculomotor, trochlear, abducens)
Sympathetic Fibers

32
Q

Inferior Orbital Fissure

A 
Maxillary nerve (CN V2)
Infraorbital vessels
33
Q

Supraorbital Foramen (notch)

A

Supraorbital nerve and vessels

34
Q

Infraorbital Foramen

A

Infraorbital nerve and vessles (terminal branches of V2)

35
Q

Foramen Rotundum

A

Maxillary nerve CN V2

36
Q

Foramen Ovale

A 
Mandibular nerve (V3)
Accessory meningial artery
37
Q

Foramen Spinosum

A

Middle meningeal artery and vein

38
Q

Foramen Lacerum

A

In life this is covered by cartilage
Internal carotid artery crosses over the foramen horizontally
Sympathetic fibers and a venous plexus accompany the internal carotid artery

39
Q

Carotid Canal

A

Internal carotid artery (with surrounding nerve plexus)

40
Q

Internal Acoustic Meatus

A

Facial CN VII

Vestibulocochlear CN VIII

41
Q

Jugular Foramen

A 
CN IX, CN X, CN XI (glosso, vagus, accessory)
Sigmoid sinus (emptying into internal jugular vein)
42
Q

Condylar Canal

A

Emissary vein (sigmoid sinus to the vertebral veins)

43
Q

Hypoglossal Canal

A

CN XII (hypoglossal CN)

44
Q

Foramen Magnum

A

Medulla oblongata
Vertebral arteries and veins
Accessory CN XI
Anterior and posterior spinal arteries

45
Q

Greater Palatine Foramen

A

Greater palatine nerve

Descending palatine vessels

46
Q

Lesser Palatine Foramen

A

Lesser palatine nerves

47
Q

Incisive Foramen

A

Nasopalatine nerve

Terminal branch of the descending septal artery

48
Q

Stylomastoid Foramen

A

Facial CN VII

49
Q

Mandibular Foramen/Canal

A

Inferior alveolar nerve and vessels

50
Q

Mental Foramen

A 
Mental nerve (terminal branch of inferior alveolar nerve)
Mental vessels (terminal branches of inferior alveolar artery and vein)

Anatomy Written 2 (11 decks)

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