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Anatomy Written 2 > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

CN I

A

Olfactory
Sensory
Special Visceral Afferent

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2
Q

CN I Leave and Enter

A

Nerves leave nasal canal (roof) to enter the anterior cranial fossa through cribriform plate of ethmoid
Enters the limbic lobe
Tract of Cerebral Cortex

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3
Q

CN II

A

Optic
Sensory
Special Somatic Afferent
Rods and Cones are receptors

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4
Q

CN II Leave and Enter

A

Leave the eyeball from Retina to form optic nerve
Enter anterior cranial fossa through optic canal
Specific retinal fibers cross at Chiasm
Tract leads fibers to thalamus
FIbers called radiations lead to the cortex surrounding Calcarine Fissure

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5
Q

CN III

A

Oculomotor
Motor
General Somatic Efferent
General Visceral Efferent

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6
Q

CN III - General Somatic Efferent

A

Motor to extraocular muscles

  • Levator palpebrae superioris
  • Superior rectus
  • Inferior rectus
  • Medial rectus
  • Inferior oblique
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7
Q

CN III - General Visceral Efferent

A

Parasympathetic Motor
Ciliary Ganglion
Ciliary muscle and sphincter pupillae

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8
Q

CN III Enters and leaves

A

Emerges from midbrain from interpeduncular fossa into the middle cranial fossa to enter the superior orbital fissure

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9
Q

CN IV

A

Trochlear
Motor
General Somatic Efferent
Motor to Superior Oblique Muscle

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10
Q

CN IV Leaves and Enters

A

Only cranial nerve to leave brainstem from dorsal aspect
Emerges from midbrain posteriorly
Leaves middle cranial fossa through superior orbital fissure

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11
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal
Both
General Somatic Afferent
Special Visceral Efferent

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12
Q

CN V - General Somatic Afferent

A

Sensory from face, orbit, nasal, and oral cavities
3 branches arise from pons
Proprioceptive fibers from muscles carried in oculomotor trochlear (IV) Abducens (VI) and Hypoglossal (XII) nerves
Nerve impulses sent to trigeminal nucleus

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13
Q

CN V branches enter and leave

A

Ophthalmic - leaves cranial vault through superior fissure
Maxillary - leaves cranial vault through foramen rotundum
Mandibular - leaves cranial vault through foramen ovale

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14
Q

CN V - Special Visceral Efferent

A

Branchial Motor
Motor to muscles of masstication (temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoid)
Mylohyoid, ant belly of digastric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini

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15
Q

CN VI

A

Abducens
Motor
General Somatic Efferent - motor to the lateral rectus muscles

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16
Q

CN VI - Leaves and enters

A

Arises near midline of pontomedullary junction
Nucleus is located in the pons
Leaves middle cranial fossa to enter the orbit through the superior orbital fissure

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17
Q

CN VII

A 
Facial 
Both
Special Visceral Efferent 
General Visceral Efferent
General Somatic Afferent
Special Visceral Afferent
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18
Q

CN VII - Special Visceral Efferent

A

Motor to muscles of facial expression, stylohyoid, and pot belly of digastic

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19
Q

CN VII - General Visceral Efferent

A

Parasympathetic motor
Pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglia
Lacrimal, nasal, and palatine glands, submandibular and sublingual glands

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20
Q

CN VII - General Somatic Afferent

A

Sensory to external auditory meatus

21
Q

CN VII - Special Visceral Afferent

A

Taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue

22
Q

CN VII - enters and leaves

A

Leaves cranial vault through internal auditory meatus

Emerges from the skull via stylomastoid foramen

23
Q

CN VIII

A 
Vestibulocochlear
Sensory
Two main branches arise from the pons
- Vestibular nerve
- Cochlear nerve
Special Somatic Afferent (balance, position, hearing)
24
Q

CN VIII Enters and leaves

A

ENters the internal auditory meatus to internal ear in petrous portion of temporal bone within posterior cranial fossa

25
Q

CN IX

A 
Glossopharyngeal
Both
Special Visceral Efferent
General Visceral Efferent 
General Somatic Afferent
Special Visceral Afferent
General Visceral Afferent
26
Q

CN IX - Special Visceral Effernet

A

Branchial Motor

Motor to pharyngeal constrictors and stylopharyngeus

27
Q

CN IX - General Visceral Efferent

A

Parasympathetic motor
Otic ganglion
Parotid gland

28
Q

CN IX - General Somatic Afferent

A

General sense to post 1/3 of tongue

29
Q

CN IX - Special Visceral Afferent

A

Taste to post 1/3 of tongue

30
Q

CN IX - General Visceral Afferent

A

Carotid sinus, body

31
Q

CN IX - leaves and enters

A

Leaves medulla posterior to olive

Enters jugular foramen to leave posterior cranial fossa

32
Q

CN X

A 
Both
Special Visceral Efferent 
General Visceral Efferent
General Somatic Afferent
General Visceral Afferent
Special Visceral Afferent
33
Q

CN X - Special Visceral Efferent

A

BRanchial Motor

Motor to muscles of the larynx, pharynx, and palatoglossus

34
Q

CN X - General Visceral Efferent

A

Parasympathetic motor
Ganglia within the walls of the organs it innervates
Thoracic and abdominal viscera through the left colic flexure of the large intestine

35
Q

CN X -General Somatic Afferent

A

Sensory to external auditory meatus

36
Q

CN X - General Visceral Afferent

A

Aorta baro and chemoreceptors

37
Q

CN X - Special Visceral Afferent

A

Taste to epiglottic region

38
Q

CN X leaves and enters

A

Emerges from medulla behind the olive

Leaves posterior cranial fossa through jugular fossa

39
Q

CN XI

A

Accessory
Motor
General Somatic Efferent (Trap and SCM)

40
Q

CN XI Leaves and Enters

A

Arises from upper cervical spinal cord, ascends to enter foramen magnum
Only CN to not come off the brain
Joins CNs IX and X to elave posterior cranial fossa through jugular foramen

41
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal
Motor
General Somatic Efferent
Motor to all intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue (except palatoglossus)

42
Q

CN XII enters and leaves

A

Arises from medulla, nerves emerge anterior to olive

Leaves posterior cranial fossa through hypoglossal canal

43
Q

Central Connections - Rules of 4

A

Brainstem origin
12 CN for 3 structures of the brainstem (midbrain, pons, medulla)
Utilized for quick localization of stroke symptoms in brainstem

44
Q

Parasympathetics

A

CN 3, 7, 9, 10

45
Q

Parasympathetics (3)

A

Sphincter pupillae

Ciliary muscles

46
Q

Parasympathetics (7)

A

Lacrimal gland
Submandibular and sublingual glands
Nasal and palatine glands

47
Q

Parasympathetic (9)

A

Parotid gland

48
Q

Parasympathetic (10)

A

Thoracic and abdominal viscera to left colic flexure of the large intestine

Anatomy Written 2 (11 decks)

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