Skin throughout the ages Flashcards
What do developmental defects in the 6th to 8th week of gestation lead to ?
Ectodermal dysplasia - defective hair teeth bone and skin.
What is this disease and what trimester did this defect take place in ?
Ichythosis Vulgaris - which is the result of defective fliggarin production. Defects in the mid third trimester will lead to this disease.
Where do melanocytes origionate and where do they migrate to ?
What do defects in origin migration and survival lead to ?
What is a defect in melanin synthesis lead to ?
They origionate in the neural crest and migrate to the Ear, Eye, Skin, and leptidomeninges.
Patches of no pigment, Waaderburg syndrome
Albinism
What is the pathogenesis of this disease ?
Waaderberg syndrome- Defective patches of melanocytes lead to the loss of pigmentation
Enteric ganglion cells are also affected
What is the pathogenesis of this disease ?
Hermansky Pudlak and Chediak Higashi Syndrome
– Ineffective transfer of melanosomes to keratinocytes lead to pigmentary dilution (silver hue).
– May affect other cells where lysosomal trafficking is important (Neutrophils, Neurons, Platelet
What is the pathogenesis of this disease ?
Albinism
– Due to ineffective production of melanin
– Melanocytes are present, but there is no melanin
– Different genes lead to different phenotypes
What is the pathogenesis of this disease ?
Mosacisim - different skin genotypes exist in the same person, Melanocytes develope along the lines of Blaschko.
**Linear Streaks and Worhls
What is the dermis derived from and when does it become a permanent barrier ?
The Dermis is derived from the endoderm and the ectoderm.
The skin does not function as a barrier until three weeks after birth
What aspects of neonates should you be aware of specifically in regard to the skin ?
Their surface to area ratio is five times greater than adults which is significant when using topical medications as well as calculating water loss.
What is wrong with this kiddo ?
How do you treat this ?
When they swapped him for an ipod they forgot to take off the protective coating off the screen.
Vernix Caseosia- protective membrane is still present at birth. It is composed of epithelial cells, sebacious secretions, and shead laguno hair.
This will resolve spontaneously
What is wrong with this kiddo ? How will you treat it ?
Curtis marmorata - This is accentuated with a decrease in temperature.
Resolves with rewarming.
What are these two conditions ?
Stork bite and salmon patch - these will resolve spontaneously.
“Fucka- you stork “
What is this condition ?
Errhythemia Toxicum Nenatorium - This is a benign condition that affects up to 50% of newborns. It usually resolves spontaneously
What is wrong with these kids. The one on the right was not left in the freezer.
Miliaria - this condition is due to occlusion of the eccrine glands at different levels. One is miliara crystiallina the other is Miliara Rubra
Other than being terrified about having a camera stuck in his face what is wrong with this kid ?
Neonatal acne or neonatal cephalic pustulosis
This is due to maternal hormones or Mallesezzia. Usually resolves spontaneously.
What is the problem here ?
Diaper dermitis most commonly caused by irritation.
What is this disease ?
Transient neonatal pustular melaninosis affects african american infants and usually resolves spontaneously
What is wrong with this kid ?
Seborric Dermititis and this resolves spontaneously
What is wrong with this kid ? What is the pathogenesis of this disorder ?
This is atopic dermitis. Caused by mutations in fliggarin. This creates a lapse in the barrier of the skin and allows allergens to enter
What does atopic dermatitis present with ?
Pruritis in the past 12 months with
generally dryer skin
Allergic rhinitis or asthma
Onset before 2
Skin crease involvement or flexural involvement
What is the “Atopic March” kids with atopic dermatitis will usually have ?
Atopic dermatitis
Allergic Rhinitis
Azzzzthma
Yes Kyle’s Cousin from southpark for sure has all of these.
What are unique features of the infantile phase of this disease versus the childhood phase of atopic dermitis ?
The infantile stage will spair the diaper area. It favors the cheeks forehead and scalp. Intense pruritis errhythemia and oozing. Kids cant stop scratching.
The childhood phase favors the flexor surfaces and has lichenification.
What disease is this ?
Still atopic asthma. This is lichification and hyperlinear palms.
What are some complications of atopic dermatitis ?
S. Areus, Eczema Herpeticum and Molluscum Contagiosum
