skin structure and growth

Question 1

the study of skin, its nature, structure, functions, diseases and its treatment

Answer 1

dermatology

Question 2

physician engaged in the practice of treating the skin

Answer 2

dermatologist

Question 3

the outermost and thinnest layer of the skin

Answer 3

epidermis

Question 4

the deepest layer of the epidermis

Answer 4

basal cell layer

Question 5

the spiny layer above the basal cell layer, where the process of shedding skin begins

Answer 5

spinosum

Question 6

granular layer, consists of cells that look like distinct granules

Answer 6

stratum granulosum

Question 7

clear transparent layer just under the surface of the skin; consists of small cells through which light can pass thru

Answer 7

stratum lucidum

Question 8

horny layer, outermost layer of the epidermis. the layer we see when we look at the skin

Answer 8

stratum corneum

Question 9

fibrous protein that is also called the principal component of hair and nails

Answer 9

keratin

Question 10

stratum germinativum has a special column-shaped cells produce other cells called

Answer 10

melanocytes

Question 11

underlying or inner layer of skin

Answer 11

dermis/ derma corium

Question 12

the outer layer of the dermis, directly beneath the epidermis

Answer 12

papillary layer

Question 13

some papillae contain looped capillaries and others contain small epidermal structures

Answer 13

tactile corpuscles

Question 14

deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with all of its oxygen and nutrients

Answer 14

reticular layer

Question 15

fatty layer found below the dermis

Answer 15

subcutaneous/adipose/subcutis tissue

Question 16

— are distributed to arrector pili muscles attached to the hair follicles

Answer 16

motor nerve fibers

Question 17

react to heat, cold, touch, pressure and pain

Answer 17

sensory nerve fibers

Question 18

distributed to the sweat and oil glands of the skin

Answer 18

secretory nerve fibers

Question 19

tiny grains pff pigment deposited into cells in the basal cell layer of the epidermis and papillary layers of the dermis

Answer 19

melanin

Question 20

fibrous protein that gives the skin form and strength

Answer 20

collagen

Question 21

excrete sweat from the skin, consist of coiled based, or secretory coil

Answer 21

sudoriferous (sweat) glands

Question 22

tube like duct that ends at the surface of the skin to form the sweat pore

Answer 22

secretory coil

Question 23

a hair follicle filled w keratin and sebum is formed, which may lead to acne papule or pustule

Answer 23

comedo

Question 24

supports the overall health of skin and aids in health, function and repair of skin cells

Answer 24

vitamin a

Question 25

important substance needed for proper repair of the skin various tissues

Answer 25

vitamin c

Question 26

enables the body to properly absorb and use calcium; needed for proper bone development

Answer 26

vitamin d

Question 27

helps protect the skin from the harmful effects of the sun

Answer 27

vitamin e

Question 28

specialist in cleansing, preservation of health, beautification of skin and body

Answer 28

esthetician

Question 29

constant over-dilation and weakening of the fragile capillary walls will cause them to become distended. they are called

Answer 29

telangiectasis

Question 30

mark on the skin

Answer 30

lesion

Question 31

localized changes in skin color of less than 1 cm in diameter

Answer 31

macule

Question 32

solid and elevated; extends deeper than papules into the dermis subcutaneous tissues

Answer 32

tubercle

Question 33

solid elevated lesion less than .5 diameter

Answer 33

papule

Question 34

vesicles of bullae that become filled w pus, usually described as less than .5 in diameter

Answer 34

pustule

Question 35

accumulation of fluid between the upper layers of the skin of the skin; elevated mass containing serous fluid

Answer 35

vesicle

Question 36

localized edema in the epidermis causing irregular elevation that may be red of pale

Answer 36

wheal

Question 37

large blister containing a watery fluid

Answer 37

bulla

Question 38

close, the abnormally developed sac containing pus of fluid that is above or below the skin

Answer 38

cyst

Question 39

a swelling; abnormal mass of cells resulting from excessive dividing of cells

Answer 39

tumor

Question 40

dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while its healing

Answer 40

crust

Question 41

a skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

Answer 41

excoriation

Question 42

a crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis, chapped hands or lips

Answer 42

fissure

Question 43

a thick scar resulting from excessive growth or fibrous tissue

Answer 43

keloid

Question 44

anyu thin plate of epidermal flakes, dry or oil, dandruff

Answer 44

scale

Question 45

light-colored, slightly raised mark on the skin formed after injury or lesion has healed

Answer 45

scar/cicatrix

Question 46

an open lesion of the skin or mucous membrane of thebodt, accompanied by pus and loss skin depth

Answer 46

ulcer

Question 47

collection of blood that is trapped underneath the nail

Answer 47

hematoma

Question 48

deficiency in perspiration, often of result of fever or certain skin diseases

Answer 48

anhidrosis

Question 49

foul-smelling perspiration usually noticable in the armpits or feet

Answer 49

bromhidrosis

Question 50

excessive sweating w unknown causes

Answer 50

hyperhidrosis

Question 51

prickly heat; acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands, characterized by the eruption of small vesicles and accompanied by burning

Answer 51

miliaria rubra

Question 52

abnormal inflammatory condition of the skin

Answer 52

dermatitis

Question 53

an inflammatory painful itching disease of tje skin, acute or chronic in nature presenting many forms from flaky or itchy skin to moist lesions

Answer 53

eczema

Question 54

a skin disease characterized by red patches, covered with silver-white scales usually found on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back

Answer 54

psoriasis

Question 55

congenital leukoderma, or absences of melanin pigment

Answer 55

albinism

Question 56

condition characterized by increased pigmentation on the skin or dark spots that are not elevated

Answer 56

chloasma

Question 57

technical term for freckles

Answer 57

lentigenes

Question 58

skin disorder, light abnormal patches; caused by burn or congenital disease that destroys the pigment-producing cells

Answer 58

leukoderma

Question 59

small or large malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries

Answer 59

nevus

Question 60

abnormal brown or wine-colored skin discoloration w circular and irregular shape

Answer 60

stain

Question 61

change in pigmentation of skin caused by exposure to ultraviolet light

Answer 61

tan

Question 62

milky white spots of the skin

Answer 62

vitiligo

Question 63

a - of the skin is abnormal growth of the skin

Answer 63

hypertrophy

Question 64

a small brownish spot or blemish on the skin ranging in color from pale tan to brown or bluish black

Answer 64

mole

Question 65

small brown or fleshcolored outgrowth of the skin, occur frequently on the skin of an older person

Answer 65

skin tag

Question 66

the technical term for a wart

Answer 66

verruca

Question 67

the most common type and least severe

Answer 67

basal cell carcinoma

Question 68

more serious than basal cell carcinoma and often is characterized by scaly red papules or nodules

Answer 68

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 69

the third and most serious form of skin cancer, which is often characterized by black or brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture jagged or raised

Answer 69

malignant mlanoma

Question 70

most common skin disease for nail technicians, caused by touching substances to the skin. can be long term or short term

Answer 70

contact dermatitis

Question 71

when the skin is irritated by a substance is called ---

Answer 71

irritant contact dermatitis

Question 72

becoming allergic to an ingredient in a product

Answer 72

allergic contact dermatitis

Question 73

prolonged, repeated or long term exposures can cause anyone to become sensitive

Answer 73

overexposure