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Manicuring > skin structure and growth > Flashcards

skin structure and growth Flashcards

1
Q

the study of skin, its nature, structure, functions, diseases and its treatment

A

dermatology

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2
Q

physician engaged in the practice of treating the skin

A

dermatologist

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3
Q

the outermost and thinnest layer of the skin

A

epidermis

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4
Q

the deepest layer of the epidermis

A

basal cell layer

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5
Q

the spiny layer above the basal cell layer, where the process of shedding skin begins

A

spinosum

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6
Q

granular layer, consists of cells that look like distinct granules

A

stratum granulosum

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7
Q

clear transparent layer just under the surface of the skin; consists of small cells through which light can pass thru

A

stratum lucidum

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8
Q

horny layer, outermost layer of the epidermis. the layer we see when we look at the skin

A

stratum corneum

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9
Q

fibrous protein that is also called the principal component of hair and nails

A

keratin

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10
Q

stratum germinativum has a special column-shaped cells produce other cells called

A

melanocytes

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11
Q

underlying or inner layer of skin

A

dermis/ derma corium

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12
Q

the outer layer of the dermis, directly beneath the epidermis

A

papillary layer

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13
Q

some papillae contain looped capillaries and others contain small epidermal structures

A

tactile corpuscles

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14
Q

deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with all of its oxygen and nutrients

A

reticular layer

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15
Q

fatty layer found below the dermis

A

subcutaneous/adipose/subcutis tissue

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16
Q

— are distributed to arrector pili muscles attached to the hair follicles

A

motor nerve fibers

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17
Q

react to heat, cold, touch, pressure and pain

A

sensory nerve fibers

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18
Q

distributed to the sweat and oil glands of the skin

A

secretory nerve fibers

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19
Q

tiny grains pff pigment deposited into cells in the basal cell layer of the epidermis and papillary layers of the dermis

A

melanin

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20
Q

fibrous protein that gives the skin form and strength

A

collagen

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21
Q

excrete sweat from the skin, consist of coiled based, or secretory coil

A

sudoriferous (sweat) glands

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22
Q

tube like duct that ends at the surface of the skin to form the sweat pore

A

secretory coil

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23
Q

a hair follicle filled w keratin and sebum is formed, which may lead to acne papule or pustule

A

comedo

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24
Q

supports the overall health of skin and aids in health, function and repair of skin cells

A

vitamin a

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25
Q

important substance needed for proper repair of the skin various tissues

A

vitamin c

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26
Q

enables the body to properly absorb and use calcium; needed for proper bone development

A

vitamin d

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27
Q

helps protect the skin from the harmful effects of the sun

A

vitamin e

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28
Q

specialist in cleansing, preservation of health, beautification of skin and body

A

esthetician

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29
Q

constant over-dilation and weakening of the fragile capillary walls will cause them to become distended. they are called

A

telangiectasis

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30
Q

mark on the skin

A

lesion

31
Q

localized changes in skin color of less than 1 cm in diameter

A

macule

32
Q

solid and elevated; extends deeper than papules into the dermis subcutaneous tissues

A

tubercle

33
Q

solid elevated lesion less than .5 diameter

A

papule

34
Q

vesicles of bullae that become filled w pus, usually described as less than .5 in diameter

A

pustule

35
Q

accumulation of fluid between the upper layers of the skin of the skin; elevated mass containing serous fluid

A

vesicle

36
Q

localized edema in the epidermis causing irregular elevation that may be red of pale

A

wheal

37
Q

large blister containing a watery fluid

A

bulla

38
Q

close, the abnormally developed sac containing pus of fluid that is above or below the skin

A

cyst

39
Q

a swelling; abnormal mass of cells resulting from excessive dividing of cells

A

tumor

40
Q

dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while its healing

A

crust

41
Q

a skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

A

excoriation

42
Q

a crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis, chapped hands or lips

A

fissure

43
Q

a thick scar resulting from excessive growth or fibrous tissue

A

keloid

44
Q

anyu thin plate of epidermal flakes, dry or oil, dandruff

A

scale

45
Q

light-colored, slightly raised mark on the skin formed after injury or lesion has healed

A

scar/cicatrix

46
Q

an open lesion of the skin or mucous membrane of thebodt, accompanied by pus and loss skin depth

A

ulcer

47
Q

collection of blood that is trapped underneath the nail

A

hematoma

48
Q

deficiency in perspiration, often of result of fever or certain skin diseases

A

anhidrosis

49
Q

foul-smelling perspiration usually noticable in the armpits or feet

A

bromhidrosis

50
Q

excessive sweating w unknown causes

A

hyperhidrosis

51
Q

prickly heat; acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands, characterized by the eruption of small vesicles and accompanied by burning

A

miliaria rubra

52
Q

abnormal inflammatory condition of the skin

A

dermatitis

53
Q

an inflammatory painful itching disease of tje skin, acute or chronic in nature presenting many forms from flaky or itchy skin to moist lesions

A

eczema

54
Q

a skin disease characterized by red patches, covered with silver-white scales usually found on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back

A

psoriasis

55
Q

congenital leukoderma, or absences of melanin pigment

A

albinism

56
Q

condition characterized by increased pigmentation on the skin or dark spots that are not elevated

A

chloasma

57
Q

technical term for freckles

A

lentigenes

58
Q

skin disorder, light abnormal patches; caused by burn or congenital disease that destroys the pigment-producing cells

A

leukoderma

59
Q

small or large malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries

A

nevus

60
Q

abnormal brown or wine-colored skin discoloration w circular and irregular shape

A

stain

61
Q

change in pigmentation of skin caused by exposure to ultraviolet light

A

tan

62
Q

milky white spots of the skin

A

vitiligo

63
Q

a - of the skin is abnormal growth of the skin

A

hypertrophy

64
Q

a small brownish spot or blemish on the skin ranging in color from pale tan to brown or bluish black

A

mole

65
Q

small brown or fleshcolored outgrowth of the skin, occur frequently on the skin of an older person

A

skin tag

66
Q

the technical term for a wart

A

verruca

67
Q

the most common type and least severe

A

basal cell carcinoma

68
Q

more serious than basal cell carcinoma and often is characterized by scaly red papules or nodules

A

squamous cell carcinoma

69
Q

the third and most serious form of skin cancer, which is often characterized by black or brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture jagged or raised

A

malignant mlanoma

70
Q

most common skin disease for nail technicians, caused by touching substances to the skin. can be long term or short term

A

contact dermatitis

71
Q

when the skin is irritated by a substance is called —

A

irritant contact dermatitis

72
Q

becoming allergic to an ingredient in a product

A

allergic contact dermatitis

73
Q

prolonged, repeated or long term exposures can cause anyone to become sensitive

A

overexposure

Manicuring (16 decks)

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