Skin Structure and Function Flashcards
What embryological layer does the Epidermis come from?
Periderm
What embryological layer does the dermis come from?
Mesoderm
What embryological layer do melanocytes come from ?
Neural crest
What are the skin growth pattern lines called?
Blashko’s lines
What type of epithelium is found in the epidermis?
Stratified squamous epithelium
What are the layers of the epidermis?
Keratin layer Granular layer prickle cell layer Basal layer
What is the mnemonic for remembering the layers of the epidermis?
Kan Granny Please Bake
How long does it take for a keratinocyte to migrate from the basement membrane to the keratin layer?
28 days
In which layer of the epidermis would I find many desmosomes?
Prickle cell layer
What type of cells make up most of the keratin layer?
Corneocytes
Melanocytes convert ____ to ____ pigment
melanocytes convert tyrosine to melanin pigment
Where do Langerhans cells originate from ?
Bone marrow
Where do you find Langerhans cells ?
Prickle cell layer of the epidermis
What are merkel cells?
Mechanoreceptors
What is the medical name for a hair follicle?
Pilosebaceous unit
What is responsible for hair pigmentation?
Melanocytes
What are the three phases of growth of hair follicles
Anagen = growing Catagen = involting Telogen= resting
What is the normal rate of nail growth?
0.1mm per day
What are the three layers of the Dermo-Epidermal Junction
Which nerves sense pressure and which nerves sense vibrations?
Pacinian = pressure
Meissners = vibration
What are the three types of skin glands ?
Sebaceous
Apocrine
Eccrine
Where do you find the the three skin glands?
What do sebaceous glands produce?
Sebum
Who do you find Apocrine sweat glands ?
Perineum and Axillae
Where do you find Eccrine sweat glands ?
All over but in particular the palms, soles and axillae
Name 6 functions of the skin
- Barrier function
- Metabolism and detoxification
- Thermoregulation
- Immune defence
- Communication
- Seonsory functions
If there is a problem with the skin then there will be a problem with one of these functons
What does the skin metabolise?
T4 -> T3
Vitamin D
