Skin Structure and Function

Question 1

What embryological layer does the Epidermis come from?

Answer 1

Periderm

Question 2

What embryological layer does the dermis come from?

Answer 2

Mesoderm

Question 3

What embryological layer do melanocytes come from ?

Answer 3

Neural crest

Question 4

What are the skin growth pattern lines called?

Answer 4

Blashko’s lines

Question 5

What type of epithelium is found in the epidermis?

Answer 5

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 6

What are the layers of the epidermis?

Answer 6

Keratin layer Granular layer prickle cell layer Basal layer

Question 7

What is the mnemonic for remembering the layers of the epidermis?

Answer 7

Kan Granny Please Bake

Question 8

How long does it take for a keratinocyte to migrate from the basement membrane to the keratin layer?

Answer 8

28 days

Question 9

In which layer of the epidermis would I find many desmosomes?

Answer 9

Prickle cell layer

Question 10

What type of cells make up most of the keratin layer?

Answer 10

Corneocytes

Question 11

Melanocytes convert ____ to ____ pigment

Answer 11

melanocytes convert tyrosine to melanin pigment

Question 12

Where do Langerhans cells originate from ?

Answer 12

Bone marrow

Question 13

Where do you find Langerhans cells ?

Answer 13

Prickle cell layer of the epidermis

Question 14

What are merkel cells?

Answer 14

Mechanoreceptors

Question 15

What is the medical name for a hair follicle?

Answer 15

Pilosebaceous unit

Question 16

What is responsible for hair pigmentation?

Answer 16

Melanocytes

Question 17

What are the three phases of growth of hair follicles

Answer 17

Anagen = growing Catagen = involting Telogen= resting

Question 18

What is the normal rate of nail growth?

Answer 18

0.1mm per day

Question 19

What are the three layers of the Dermo-Epidermal Junction

Answer 19

Question 20

Which nerves sense pressure and which nerves sense vibrations?

Answer 20

Pacinian = pressure

Meissners = vibration

Question 21

What are the three types of skin glands ?

Answer 21

Sebaceous

Apocrine

Eccrine

Question 22

Where do you find the the three skin glands?

Answer 22

Question 23

What do sebaceous glands produce?

Answer 23

Sebum

Question 24

Who do you find Apocrine sweat glands ?

Answer 24

Perineum and Axillae

Question 25

Where do you find Eccrine sweat glands ?

Answer 25

All over but in particular the palms, soles and axillae

Question 26

Name 6 functions of the skin

Answer 26

1. Barrier function
2. Metabolism and detoxification
3. Thermoregulation
4. Immune defence
5. Communication
6. Seonsory functions

If there is a problem with the skin then there will be a problem with one of these functons

Question 27

What does the skin metabolise?

Answer 27

T4 -> T3

Vitamin D