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Dermatology > Skin infections and genetics > Flashcards

Skin infections and genetics Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is acyclovir

A

Anti viral

good for cold sores and shingles

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2
Q

What does Herpes simplex virus cause?

A

Gingiovostomatitis in kiddies that lasts around a week

( cold sores)

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3
Q

How do you treat lice?

A

malathion

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4
Q

What skin infections can strep pyogenes cause ?

(group A strep)

A

Infected eczema

Impetigo

Cellulitis

Erysipelas

Necrotising fasciitis

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5
Q

In leg ulcers which organisims in particular are worth treating?

A

Strep.pyogenes

Staph. aureus

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6
Q

What is Orf?

A

Firm, fleshy nodule on the hands of sheep farmers

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7
Q

What disease can Coxsackie virus cause?

A

Hand, foot and mouth disease

and

Herpangina

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8
Q

What is molluscum contagiosum?

A

Fleshy, firm, umbilicated pearlescent nodules which are common in children and are self limiting , take a couple months to disappear

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9
Q

Where do you find candida skin infections?

A

In skin folds where it is warm and moist

i.e

Under the breast, around the groin, abdominal skin folds

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10
Q

What causes Lyme disease?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi transmitted by ticks

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11
Q

How do you treat Syphilis?

A

Penicillin injections

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12
Q

What is trichophyton rubrum?

A

It is the most common Dermatophyte

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13
Q

When would swabbing a leg ulcer be appropriate?

A

Only if signs of cellutlitis or infection are present

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14
Q

What are the two important kinds of Staphylococcus?

A

Coagulase positive and Coagulase negative

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15
Q

What does parvovirus B19 cause?

A

Erythema infectiosum

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16
Q

Where do scabies tipically make burows?

A

Finger webs

Wrists

Genital area

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17
Q

What are the complication of erythema infectiosum

A

Arthritis

Chronic anaemia

Aplastic crises

Spontaneous abortion

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18
Q
A
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19
Q

How does Aciclovir work?

A

It is an analogue of Guanosine so the VZV and HSV take it up to use in DNA but then get fucked and cant replicate

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20
Q

What are the three important classes of streptococcus?

A

Alpha-haemolytic ( partial haemolysis)

Beta-haemolytic (complete haemolysis)

Gamma (non- haemolytic)

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21
Q

How would you treat Necrotisnig Fasciitis?

A

Surgical debridement and antibiotics

Its life threatenting

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22
Q

What is this?

A

Zoster of the mandibular division of the facial nerve

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23
Q

What is the name for gram positivie staphylococci which is coagulase positive?

A

Staph. aureus

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24
Q

Where would you find tinea cruris?

A

Pubic area

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25
Q

What kind of vaccine is the chickenpox vaccine and who gets it ?

A

Live attentuated vaccine used in susceptible health care works

and a higher dosage version for oldies

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26
Q

How would you confirm a diagnosis of Erythema infectiosum?

A

Testing for Parvovirus B 19 IgM test

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27
Q

What are the two treatment options for dermatophyte scalp infections?

A

Terbinafine orally

or

Itracnoazole orally

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28
Q

What are the three phases of a syphilis infection?

A

Primary - Chancre

Secondary- red rash over body + “snail track” ulcers

Tertiary- CNS, cardiovasclar etc

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29
Q

What is this?

A

Zoster of the maxiallry division of the trigeminal nerve

30
Q

What antibiotic would be used for staph aureus infections?

A

Flucloxacillin

31
Q

What skin infections can staph. aureus cause?

A

Boils and Carbuncles

Cellulitis

Infected eczema

Impetigo

wound infections

32
Q

How does lyme disease present ?

A

Erythema Migrans

33
Q

How long is the incubation period for scabies?

A

6 weeks

34
Q

What is the medical name for ring worms?

A

Tinea corporis

35
Q

What is the correct term for instances when the pain from shingles lasts more than 4 weeks longer than the rash

A

Post herpetic neuralgia

36
Q

What is the order of evolution of the spots in chickenpox?

A

Macules

papules

vesicles

scabs

recovery

37
Q

How would you confirm a diagnosis of candida skin infection and what would you use to treat it ?

A

Swab for culture

Clotrimazole cream

Oral fluconazole

38
Q

What does Pediculus mean?

A

Louse

39
Q

What nerve is affected in Opthalmic Zoster?

A

Opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve

40
Q

What is this and what causes it ?

A

Erysipelas caused by strep pyogenes

41
Q

What are the possible complications of chickenpoxs to be aware of?

A

Secondary bacterial infection

Penumonitis

Scarring

Encephalitis

42
Q

Where would you find strep. viridians?

A

Commensals of the mouth, throat and vagina

Viridians for Vagina

43
Q
A
44
Q

What antibiotics would you use in lyme disease?

A

Doxycycline

or

Amoxicillin

45
Q

What is Herpangina?

A

Blistering rash of the back of the mouth

46
Q

What is Ramsay-hunt syndrome?

A

Vesicles and pain in the auditory canal and throat.

Palsy of the facial nerve

irritation of the vestibulocochlear nerve resulting in

Deafness, vertigo and tinnitus

47
Q

How would you treat scabies?

A

Malathion lotion applied over night to the whole body and then washed off the next day

48
Q

How can you treat molluscum contagiosum?

A

With liquid nitrogen

49
Q

What is the go to treatment for small dermatophyte skin infections?

A

Clotrimazole

50
Q

What causes syphilis?

A

Bacterial infection - Treponema pallidum

51
Q

What happens if you dont catch Lyme disease early?

A

Heart block

Nerve palsies

Arthritis

52
Q

What type of HPV is most common in warts/verrucas?

A

types 1 - 4

53
Q

What virus is responsible for chicken pox and Shingles?

A

Varicella Zoster virus

Chickenpox is Varicella

Shingles is Zoster

54
Q

What antibiotic would be used in strep. pyogenes?

A

Penicillin

55
Q

What causes Herpangina?

A

Coxsackie virus

or

Echovirus

56
Q

What is the name for gram positivie staphylococci which is coagulase negative?

A

Staph. Epidermidis

57
Q

What is Necrotising Faciitis?

A

Bacterial infection spreading long fascial planes

58
Q

What is this?

A

Scabies

59
Q

Which types of HPV cause genital warts?

A

type 6 and type 11

60
Q

What are the two types of necrotising faciitis?

A

type I - mixed anaerobes and coliforms (think post abdominal surgery)

Type II - Group A strep (strep. pyogenes)

61
Q

Which type of HPV is most common in cervical cancer?

A

Types 16 and 18

62
Q

Where would you find tinea manuum?

A

On the hands

63
Q
A
64
Q

What is this?

A

Periungual Fibromata

65
Q

What is this sign called?

A

Longitudinal ridging

66
Q

What is the diagnosis?

A

Tuberose Sclerosis

67
Q

What kinds of things do people with Tuberose Sclerosis get?

A

Infantile seizures

Ash leaf macules

Periungual fibromas

Facial angiofibromas

Hamartomas and bone cysts

68
Q

How is Tuberose Sclerosis passed on?

A

Autosomal Dominant

69
Q

What is the Diagnosis ?

Born at term, some skin loss noted on delivery

24 hrs later widespread blistering and skin loss which progressed to extensive skin loss with any movement or handling of the baby

A

Epidermolysis Bullosa

70
Q

What are the thee main types of Epidermolysis Bullosa?

A

Simplex ( Epidermis only)

Junctional (Dermo-epidermal Junction)

Dystrophic (Dermis)

71
Q

Whats the diagnosis ?

greater than 5 Cafe au lait macules

Axillary freckles

A

Neurofibromatosis type 1

Dermatology (11 decks)

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