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Dermatology > Skin infections & infestations > Flashcards

Skin infections & infestations Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is impetigo?

A

it is a bacterial infection in the superifcial layer of the skin

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2
Q

what is the clinical assessment of impetigo? (3)

A
  • red sores / blisters at start
  • then become bigger and crusty
  • spread to other parts of body: very contagious
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3
Q

what is the investigation of impetigo?

A

diagnosis made on history + examination,

however in serious circumstances = MC&S

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4
Q

what is management of impetigo?

A
  • general measure- local wound care
  • mild infecion- topical / systemic agent
  • serious infection- systemic antibiotic
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5
Q

what is folliculitits ?

A

inflammation of hair follicle

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6
Q

what is the clinical assessment of folliculitis?

A
  • small red bumps or white headed pimples around hair follicles
  • itching
  • pain
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7
Q

what is the treatment of folliculitis?

A
  • antibiotic cream, lotion or gel
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8
Q

What is cellulitis?

A

bacterial infection deeper in skin

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9
Q

clinical assessment of cellulitis?

A
  • appears as a red, swollen area
  • hot & tender to touch
  • skin may appear glossy
  • fever
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10
Q

treatment of cellulitis?

A
  • antibiotics
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11
Q

what is erysipelas?

A
  • superifical form of cellulitis, but less so than impetigo
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12
Q

What is the organism involved in erysipleas?

A

streptococcus

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13
Q

Clinical assessment of erysipelas?

A

swollen, reddened, warm areas of skin in face and legs

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14
Q

Management for erysipelas?

A
  • Antibiotics
  • painkillers
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15
Q

what is syphilis?

A

bacterial infection spread through sexual contact

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16
Q

clinical assessment of syphilis?

A
  • small, painless sores or ulcers that typically appear around genitalia / mouth
  • blotchy red rash that often affects palms of hands/soles of feet
17
Q

investigation for syphilis?

A

blood sample- checking for the antibody

18
Q

management of syphilis?

A

anitbiotics

19
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Herpes Simplex Virus? (HSV)

A
  1. primary exposure
  2. 1st clinical episode

if trigger

  1. latent infection —————————————> clinical episode
20
Q

Clinical assessment of HSV?

A
  • oral herpes- blisters/ ulcers
  • genital herpes- 1 or more genital or anal blisters/ ulcers
  • usually both asymptomatic
21
Q

Management of HSV?

A
  • antivirals ie aciclovir
22
Q

What is the clinical assessment of herpes zoster virus (HSV)?

A

chicken pox +/- shingles

23
Q

what is the management of HZV?

A
  • antiviral ie aciclovir
  • coservative ie NSAIDs
24
Q

What is scabies & how does it come about?

A
  • ectoparasite infestation
  • mite burrows under skin and lays eggs –> papules & vesicles –> excoriations & pustules
  • spread by close or prolonged contact
25
Q

what is the causative organism of scabies?

A

sacoptes scabei

26
Q

What is the clinical assessment of scabies?

A
  • intense itch
  • excoriated rash
  • diagnosis made upon finding one burrow
27
Q

Investigations for scabies ?

A
  • distribution of lesions helpful
  • confirmed by microscopy of potassium-hydroxide –treated skin scrapings from the tip of a burrow
28
Q

Management of Scabies?

A

Permethrin cream - put EVERYWHERE apart from hairy bit of scalp

29
Q

What is dermatophytosis?

A

fungal infection caused by a dermatophyte

ie tinea….

30
Q

clinical assessment of dermatophytosis?

A

red, itchy, scaly, circular rash; if the rings are red and flaky, definite diagnosis

31
Q

Investigation for dermatophytosis?

A

scrapings from rash for culture

32
Q

Treatment of dermatophytosis?

A

antifungal cream

33
Q

what is a furuncle?

A

abscess in hair follicle

34
Q

what is a carbuncle?

A

many furuncles

35
Q

what is candidiasis?

A

fungal infection caused by yeasts - most commonly, candida albicans

36
Q

clinical assessment for candidiasis?

A

typically creamy-white, curdlike patches on the mucosal surfaces

37
Q

investigation of candidiasis?

A

scrapings –> MC&S

38
Q

treatment for candidiasis?

A
  • antifungal agents
39
Q

where is candida albicans most likely to be picked up?

A

areas of moisture

Dermatology (11 decks)

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