acute & emergency dermatology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is urticaria?

A
  • (aka wheel or hive)
  • central swelling (dermal oedema) of variable size, surrounded by erythema
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2
Q

What are causes of acute urticaria?

A
  • idiopathic
  • infection
  • drugs
  • food
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3
Q

what are the causes of chronic urticaria?

A
  • autoimmune
  • vasculitic
  • physical
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4
Q

Signs/ symptoms of urticaria?

A
  • itching
  • sometimes burning
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5
Q

Management of acute urticaria?

A
  • oral antihistamine
  • short course of oral steroid of benefit, if clear cause is removed
  • avoid NSAIDs & opiates
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6
Q

Management of chronic urticaria?

A
  1. H1 antihistamine
  2. higher dose
  3. 2nd line agent – anti-leukotriene
  4. immunomodulant eg omalizumab
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7
Q

What is eczema herpeticum?

A

disseminated herpes virus infection on a background of poorly controlled eczema

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8
Q

what is the clinical assessment of eczema herpeticum? (4)

A
  • clusters of itchy blisters
  • punched out erosions
  • fever
  • lethargy
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9
Q

Management of eczema herpeticus?

A
  • aciclovir
  • mild topical steroids to treat eczema
  • treat secondary infection eg if skin eroded –> bacterial infection
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10
Q

What is pustular psoriasis?

A
  • rare type of psoriasis causing pus-filled blisters on the skin
  • due to sudden withdrawal of steroids
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11
Q

clinical assessment in pustular psoriasis?

A
  • fever
  • elevated WCC
  • erythema +/- clusters of pustules
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12
Q

Treatment of pustular psoriasis?

A
  • bland emollient
  • avoid steroids – only if v inflamed
  • often require initiation of systemic therapy
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13
Q

What is Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome ?

A
  • characterised by red blistering skin that looks like a burn or scald
  • common in kids
  • can occur in immuno-compromised adults
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14
Q

clinical assessment of Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome ?

A
  • Diffuse erythematous rash with skin tenderness
  • blistering & desquamation follows
  • more prominent in flexures
  • fever
  • irritability
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15
Q

Treatment of Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome ?

A

-IV antibiotics initially & supportive care

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