Skin - Physical Exam Inspect & Palpate 1. soft & smooth vs. rough, thin vs. thick 2. Elastcity and Movement 3. Veiny- muscle/fitness overuse 4. Discoloration of skin due to increase of blood (bruising) 5. Swelling by excess fluid Turgor, edema, ecchymosis, texture, mobility, vascularity

``` Texture Turgor & Mobility Vascularity Ecchymosis Edema ```

Skin, Hair, & Nail Flashcards by Shaquan Moore

General Survey
Physical appearance

Body structure

Mobility

Behavior
is objective or subjective

Objective

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Skin - Physical Exam Inspect & Palpate

soft & smooth vs. rough, thin vs. thick
Elastcity and Movement
Veiny- muscle/fitness overuse
Discoloration of skin due to increase of blood (bruising)
Swelling by excess fluid

Turgor, edema, ecchymosis, texture, mobility, vascularity

Texture
Turgor &amp; Mobility
Vascularity
Ecchymosis
Edema

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Inspect &amp; Palpate 
1. Cool/ cold warm/hot
how do you check it
2 ?
-excess sweating
-lack of water in body

Dehydration, temp, moisure, diaphoresis

temperature
back of hand

moisture
diaphoresis
dehydration

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? normal for ethnicity such as bruising and lesions

Color

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Uniform , calluses?
Clavicle, hand, forearm?
0-4+

mobility/turgor, edema, thickness

thickness
mobility, turgor
edema

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Edema Dout
1. No pitting edema?
2.severe Pitting edema ?mm last long than _?
3. Moderate pitting edema ?mm disappears _?
4. Mild Pitting edema ? mm disappears rapidly
5. Moderately severe edema ? mm last more than ? min
4+, 2+, 0+, 1+, 3+
6, 4, 8, 2,
10- 15 sec, 2, 1 min

0+
4+, 8mm-2min
2+, 4mm-10-15 sec
1+, 2mm
3+, 6mm-1

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Capillary Refill
1.Genty depress nailbed for?
If normal it will return in?
If not what should u expect?

2,1,3 sec
hypoxia, anemia or cardiac insufficiency.

1 sec
2-3
hypoxia, anemia or cardiac insufficiency.

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< 1 cm diameter, may be in epidermis, dermis, or subcutaneous tissue. Has palpable depth.

Wheal, Nodules, Abcess, Vesicle, Pustule, Cyst, Bulla

Pri Or Sec.

Nodule

Pri

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< 1 cm diameter, filled with clear fluid

Wheal, Nodules, Abcess, Vesicle, Pustule, Cyst, Bulla

Vesicle

Pri

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> 1 cm diameter, filled with clear fluid

Wheal, Nodules, Abcess, Vesicle, Pustule, Cyst, Bulla

Bulla

Pri

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filled with pus (dead cells and debris)

Wheal, Nodules, Abcess, Vesicle, Pustule, Cyst, Bulla

Pustule

Pri

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pustule that becomes infected (red, irritated)

Wheal, Nodules, Abcess, Vesicle, Pustule, Cyst, Bulla

Abscess

Pri

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in upper epidermis (very superficial)

Wheal, Nodules, Abcess, Vesicle, Pustule, Cyst, Bulla

Wheal

Pri

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fully encapsulated fluid or semi-solid material. May also contain air. Feels hard.

Wheal, Nodules, Abcess, Vesicle, Pustule, Cyst, Bulla

Cyst

Pri

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evolve from primary lesions, may be from infection or external force like scratching

Primary or Secondary Lesion

Secondary Lesion

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flakes or plates from desquamated layers of stratum corneum (top layer of epidermis)

Skin opening, Excoriation, scale, crust
Primary or Secondary Lesion

Scale

Secondary Lesion

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Open lesion

Skin opening, Excoriation, scale, crust
Primary or Secondary Lesion

Skin opening

Secondary Lesion

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skin abraded from scratching or rubbing (mechanical)

Skin opening, Excoriation, scale, crust
Primary or Secondary Lesion

Excoriation

Secondary Lesion

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from dried plasma or exudates on skin (can wipe off)

Skin opening, Thickening Keloid or Lichenification , Excoriation, Ulceration, Scale, Crust, Fissure, Erosion
Primary or Secondary Lesion

Crust

Secondary Lesion

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slightly depressed areas in which part or all of epidermis has been lost (infection or chemical)

Skin opening, Thickening Keloid or Lichenification , Excoriation, Ulceration, Scale, Crust, Fissure, Erosion
Primary or Secondary Lesion

Erosion

Secondary Lesion

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linear cleavage, extends into dermis

Skin opening, Thickening Keloid or Lichenification , Excoriation, Ulceration, Scale, Crust, Fissure, Erosion
Primary or Secondary Lesion

Fissure

Secondary Lesion

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involves necrosis of tissue, has varying depth (sometimes subcutaneous)

Skin opening, Thickening Keloid or Lichenification , Excoriation, Ulceration, Scale, Crust, Fissure, Erosion
Primary or Secondary Lesion

Ulceration

Secondary Lesion

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excessive scarring (ask the patient what happened at that spot)

Skin opening, Thickening Keloid or Lichenification , Excoriation, Ulceration, Scale, Crust, Fissure, Erosion
Primary or Secondary Lesion

Keloid

Secondary Lesion

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thickening of epidermis with exaggerated wrinkling, usually from chronic rubbing or scratching

Skin opening, Thickening Keloid or Lichenification , Excoriation, Ulceration, Scale, Crust, Fissure, Erosion
Primary or Secondary Lesion

Lichenification

Secondary Lesion

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Non-blanching or Blanch with pressure 1. Petechiae- 2. Cherry angioma- 3. Capillary/ strawberry hemangioma- 4. Purpura- 5. Ecchymosis- 6. Spider angioma/ telangiectasia:- 7. Port wine stain:-

1. Non 2. Branch 3. Branch 4. Non 5. Non 6. Branch 7. Non

tiny red spots, 1-3 mm, from increased pressure on capillaries Purpura, Port wine, Ecchymosis, Perechiae

Petechiae

more than 3 mm, tend to be redder than ecchymosis Purpura, Port wine, Ecchymosis, Perechiae

Purpura

bruising. Bluegreenyellowbrown Purpura, Port wine, Ecchymosis, Perechiae

Ecchymosis

Gorbachev Purpura, Port wine, Ecchymosis, Perechiae

Port Wine

red, spider veins Capillary/ strawberry hemangioma, Spider angioma, Cherry angioma

Spider angioma

benign red tumor, usually on head and neck, appears by 6 months of age, almost always disappears by age 10 Capillary/ strawberry hemangioma, Spider angioma, Cherry angioma

Capillary/ strawberry hemangioma

red or brown, < 3mm, more likely with aging. Capillary/ strawberry hemangioma, Spider angioma, Cherry angioma

Cherry angioma

Non blanching and Blanch with pressure is what lesion Skin or Vascular

Vascular

one lesion, or lesions that are separated Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped

Discreet

lesions are clumped together Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped

Grouped

lesions run together Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped

Confluent

ring-shaped (circular, lighter in the center) Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped

Annular

Lesions form in a line Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped ,linear

Linear

follows dermatome pattern Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped

Zosteriform

incomplete circle or arch Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped

Arctifrom

lacy, net-like Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped

Reticular

Hemangiomas- 3 1. Spider or star angioma 2. Ecchymosis 3. Purpura 4. Port-wine stain 5. Petechiae 6. Pattern injury 7. Cavernous hemangioma 8. Strawberry mark 9. Venous lake 10. Hematoma

Post wine stain Strawberry Mark Cavernous hemangioma

Telangiectases-2 1. Spider or star angioma 2. Ecchymosis 3. Purpura 4. Port-wine stain 5. Petechiae 6. Pattern injury 7. Cavernous hemangioma 8. Strawberry mark 9. Venous lake 10. Hematoma

Spider or star angioma | Venous lake

Purpuric Lesions-2 1. Spider or star angioma 2. Ecchymosis 3. Purpura 4. Port-wine stain 5. Petechiae 6. Pattern injury 7. Cavernous hemangioma 8. Strawberry mark 9. Venous lake 10. Hematoma

Purpura | Petechiae

Lesions due to trauma or abuse-3 1. Spider or star angioma 2. Ecchymosis 3. Purpura 4. Port-wine stain 5. Petechiae 6. Pattern injury 7. Cavernous hemangioma 8. Strawberry mark 9. Venous lake 10. Hematoma

Pattern injury Hematoma Ecchymosis

Hemangiomas Port-wine stain (?) Strawberry mark (?) Cavernous hemangioma (?) Immature, Nevus flammeus, or Mature

Nervus flammeus Immature Mature

physical changes caused directly by disease process) Primary or Secondary lesions

Primary

Flat/nonpalpable- Flat/palpable- Patch Plaque, Papule, Macule

Patch Macule Plaque papule

``` Macule. ? Patch ? Papule ? Plaque ? < 1 cm diameter or > 1 cm diameter ```

< 1 cm diameter > 1 cm diameter < 1 cm diameter > 1 cm diameter

Is it normal or adnormal for nails Digital clubling Touching

DC abnormal | Touching Normal

Normal nail, curved nail, or Early Clubbing 160 0r less- 160- 180-

curved normal early clubbing

Nail growth slows b/c of increase or decrease peripheral circulation?

decrease

Male Baldness- Alopecia- Chemo- Trichotilomania- Medication,Genetics, Pulling out hair, Stress

Genetic Stress Medication Pulling out hair

can a person either over/under nutrition

yes

``` Low body weight Loss of muscle mass Compromised immune function Electrolyte abnormalities Low energy ``` Over or undernutrition

undernutrition

Tube feeding Total parenteral nutrition is Special diets or Nutrition support

Nutrition support

Nutrition Assessment is Objective, subjective, Factual, Historical

Subjective Historical

systematic measurement of the size, shape, and composition of the human body. BMI Laboratory tests or Anthropometric data

Anthropometric data

Laboratory tests require ? | Glucose or Albumnemia

Albumnemia

is a sign of kidney disease and means that you have too much albumin in your urine. Albumin is a protein found in the blood. ? Glocuse or Albumnemia

Albumnemia

What are the four componests of Nutrition Assessment | Objective , subjective, skin,, physical, Standard or Albumnemia data, laboratory tests, factual, or historical

``` Historical Subjective Albumnemia data physical exam Laboratory test ```

``` Which is needed for infants and older Height Weight Head circumference BMI Body composition Waist/Hip ratio ```

everything for infant | minus HC for older

Underweight: ? Optimal: ? Overweight: ? Obese: ? Severely obese:? 18.5 to 25, 17.7 to 18.4, 30.1 – 40, >40.1, 25.1 – 30

17.7 to 18.4 18.5 to 25 25.1 – 30 30.1 – 40 >40.1

Skin, Hair, & Nail Flashcards

(63 cards)