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Health Assessment > Skin, Hair, & Nail > Flashcards

Skin, Hair, & Nail Flashcards

1
Q

General Survey
Physical appearance

Body structure

Mobility

Behavior
is objective or subjective

A

Objective

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2
Q

Skin - Physical Exam Inspect & Palpate

  1. soft & smooth vs. rough, thin vs. thick
  2. Elastcity and Movement
  3. Veiny- muscle/fitness overuse
  4. Discoloration of skin due to increase of blood (bruising)
  5. Swelling by excess fluid

Turgor, edema, ecchymosis, texture, mobility, vascularity

A 
Texture
Turgor & Mobility
Vascularity
Ecchymosis
Edema
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3
Q 
Inspect & Palpate 
1. Cool/ cold warm/hot
how do you check it
2 ?
-excess sweating
-lack of water in body

Dehydration, temp, moisure, diaphoresis

A

temperature
back of hand

moisture
diaphoresis
dehydration

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4
Q

? normal for ethnicity such as bruising and lesions

A

Color

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5
Q

Uniform , calluses?
Clavicle, hand, forearm?
0-4+

mobility/turgor, edema, thickness

A

thickness
mobility, turgor
edema

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6
Q

Edema Dout
1. No pitting edema?
2.severe Pitting edema ?mm last long than _?
3. Moderate pitting edema ?mm disappears _?
4. Mild Pitting edema ? mm disappears rapidly
5. Moderately severe edema ? mm last more than ? min
4+, 2+, 0+, 1+, 3+
6, 4, 8, 2,
10- 15 sec, 2, 1 min

A 
0+
4+, 8mm-2min
2+, 4mm-10-15 sec
1+, 2mm
3+, 6mm-1
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7
Q

Capillary Refill
1.Genty depress nailbed for?
If normal it will return in?
If not what should u expect?

2,1,3 sec
hypoxia, anemia or cardiac insufficiency.

A

1 sec
2-3
hypoxia, anemia or cardiac insufficiency.

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8
Q

< 1 cm diameter, may be in epidermis, dermis, or subcutaneous tissue. Has palpable depth.

Wheal, Nodules, Abcess, Vesicle, Pustule, Cyst, Bulla

Pri Or Sec.

A

Nodule

Pri

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9
Q

< 1 cm diameter, filled with clear fluid

Wheal, Nodules, Abcess, Vesicle, Pustule, Cyst, Bulla

A

Vesicle

Pri

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10
Q

> 1 cm diameter, filled with clear fluid

Wheal, Nodules, Abcess, Vesicle, Pustule, Cyst, Bulla

A

Bulla

Pri

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11
Q

filled with pus (dead cells and debris)

Wheal, Nodules, Abcess, Vesicle, Pustule, Cyst, Bulla

A

Pustule

Pri

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12
Q

pustule that becomes infected (red, irritated)

Wheal, Nodules, Abcess, Vesicle, Pustule, Cyst, Bulla

A

Abscess

Pri

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13
Q

in upper epidermis (very superficial)

Wheal, Nodules, Abcess, Vesicle, Pustule, Cyst, Bulla

A

Wheal

Pri

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14
Q

fully encapsulated fluid or semi-solid material. May also contain air. Feels hard.

Wheal, Nodules, Abcess, Vesicle, Pustule, Cyst, Bulla

A

Cyst

Pri

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15
Q

evolve from primary lesions, may be from infection or external force like scratching

Primary or Secondary Lesion

A

Secondary Lesion

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16
Q

flakes or plates from desquamated layers of stratum corneum (top layer of epidermis)

Skin opening, Excoriation, scale, crust
Primary or Secondary Lesion

A

Scale

Secondary Lesion

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17
Q

Open lesion

Skin opening, Excoriation, scale, crust
Primary or Secondary Lesion

A

Skin opening

Secondary Lesion

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18
Q

skin abraded from scratching or rubbing (mechanical)

Skin opening, Excoriation, scale, crust
Primary or Secondary Lesion

A

Excoriation

Secondary Lesion

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19
Q

from dried plasma or exudates on skin (can wipe off)

Skin opening, Thickening Keloid or Lichenification , Excoriation, Ulceration, Scale, Crust, Fissure, Erosion
Primary or Secondary Lesion

A

Crust

Secondary Lesion

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20
Q

slightly depressed areas in which part or all of epidermis has been lost (infection or chemical)

Skin opening, Thickening Keloid or Lichenification , Excoriation, Ulceration, Scale, Crust, Fissure, Erosion
Primary or Secondary Lesion

A

Erosion

Secondary Lesion

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21
Q

linear cleavage, extends into dermis

Skin opening, Thickening Keloid or Lichenification , Excoriation, Ulceration, Scale, Crust, Fissure, Erosion
Primary or Secondary Lesion

A

Fissure

Secondary Lesion

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22
Q

involves necrosis of tissue, has varying depth (sometimes subcutaneous)

Skin opening, Thickening Keloid or Lichenification , Excoriation, Ulceration, Scale, Crust, Fissure, Erosion
Primary or Secondary Lesion

A

Ulceration

Secondary Lesion

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23
Q

excessive scarring (ask the patient what happened at that spot)

Skin opening, Thickening Keloid or Lichenification , Excoriation, Ulceration, Scale, Crust, Fissure, Erosion
Primary or Secondary Lesion

A

Keloid

Secondary Lesion

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24
Q

thickening of epidermis with exaggerated wrinkling, usually from chronic rubbing or scratching

Skin opening, Thickening Keloid or Lichenification , Excoriation, Ulceration, Scale, Crust, Fissure, Erosion
Primary or Secondary Lesion

A

Lichenification

Secondary Lesion

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25
Q

Non-blanching or Blanch with pressure

  1. Petechiae-
  2. Cherry angioma-
  3. Capillary/ strawberry hemangioma-
  4. Purpura-
  5. Ecchymosis-
  6. Spider angioma/ telangiectasia:-
  7. Port wine stain:-
A
  1. Non
  2. Branch
  3. Branch
  4. Non
  5. Non
  6. Branch
  7. Non
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26
Q

tiny red spots, 1-3 mm, from increased pressure on capillaries

Purpura, Port wine, Ecchymosis, Perechiae

A

Petechiae

27
Q

more than 3 mm, tend to be redder than ecchymosis

Purpura, Port wine, Ecchymosis, Perechiae

A

Purpura

28
Q

bruising. Bluegreenyellowbrown

Purpura, Port wine, Ecchymosis, Perechiae

A

Ecchymosis

29
Q

Gorbachev

Purpura, Port wine, Ecchymosis, Perechiae

A

Port Wine

30
Q

red, spider veins

Capillary/ strawberry hemangioma, Spider angioma, Cherry angioma

A

Spider angioma

31
Q

benign red tumor, usually on head and neck, appears by 6 months of age, almost always disappears by age 10

Capillary/ strawberry hemangioma, Spider angioma, Cherry angioma

A

Capillary/ strawberry hemangioma

32
Q

red or brown, < 3mm, more likely with aging.

Capillary/ strawberry hemangioma, Spider angioma, Cherry angioma

A

Cherry angioma

33
Q

Non blanching and Blanch with pressure is what lesion

Skin or Vascular

A

Vascular

34
Q

one lesion, or lesions that are separated

Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped

A

Discreet

35
Q

lesions are clumped together

Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped

A

Grouped

36
Q

lesions run together

Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped

A

Confluent

37
Q

ring-shaped (circular, lighter in the center)

Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped

A

Annular

38
Q

Lesions form in a line

Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped ,linear

A

Linear

39
Q

follows dermatome pattern

Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped

A

Zosteriform

40
Q

incomplete circle or arch

Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped

A

Arctifrom

41
Q

lacy, net-like

Zosteriform, Annular, Grouped, Reticular, Arciform, Confluent, Discrete, Grouped

A

Reticular

42
Q

Hemangiomas- 3

  1. Spider or star angioma
  2. Ecchymosis
  3. Purpura
  4. Port-wine stain
  5. Petechiae
  6. Pattern injury
  7. Cavernous hemangioma
  8. Strawberry mark
  9. Venous lake
  10. Hematoma
A

Post wine stain
Strawberry Mark
Cavernous hemangioma

43
Q

Telangiectases-2

  1. Spider or star angioma
  2. Ecchymosis
  3. Purpura
  4. Port-wine stain
  5. Petechiae
  6. Pattern injury
  7. Cavernous hemangioma
  8. Strawberry mark
  9. Venous lake
  10. Hematoma
A

Spider or star angioma

Venous lake

44
Q

Purpuric Lesions-2

  1. Spider or star angioma
  2. Ecchymosis
  3. Purpura
  4. Port-wine stain
  5. Petechiae
  6. Pattern injury
  7. Cavernous hemangioma
  8. Strawberry mark
  9. Venous lake
  10. Hematoma
A

Purpura

Petechiae

45
Q

Lesions due to trauma or abuse-3

  1. Spider or star angioma
  2. Ecchymosis
  3. Purpura
  4. Port-wine stain
  5. Petechiae
  6. Pattern injury
  7. Cavernous hemangioma
  8. Strawberry mark
  9. Venous lake
  10. Hematoma
A

Pattern injury
Hematoma
Ecchymosis

46
Q

Hemangiomas
Port-wine stain (?)
Strawberry mark (?)
Cavernous hemangioma (?)

Immature, Nevus flammeus, or Mature

A

Nervus flammeus
Immature
Mature

47
Q

physical changes caused directly by disease process)

Primary or Secondary lesions

A

Primary

48
Q

Flat/nonpalpable-

Flat/palpable-

Patch Plaque, Papule, Macule

A

Patch
Macule

Plaque
papule

49
Q 
Macule.  ?
Patch      ?
Papule    ?
Plaque    ?
< 1 cm diameter or > 1 cm diameter
A

< 1 cm diameter
> 1 cm diameter
< 1 cm diameter
> 1 cm diameter

50
Q

Is it normal or adnormal for nails
Digital clubling
Touching

A

DC abnormal

Touching Normal

51
Q

Normal nail, curved nail, or Early Clubbing

160 0r less-
160-
180-

A

curved
normal
early clubbing

52
Q

Nail growth slows b/c of increase or decrease peripheral circulation?

A

decrease

53
Q

Male Baldness-
Alopecia-
Chemo-
Trichotilomania-

Medication,Genetics, Pulling out hair, Stress

A

Genetic
Stress
Medication
Pulling out hair

54
Q

can a person either over/under nutrition

A

yes

55
Q 
Low body weight
Loss of muscle mass
Compromised immune function
Electrolyte abnormalities
Low energy

Over or undernutrition

A

undernutrition

56
Q

Tube feeding
Total parenteral nutrition

is Special diets or Nutrition support

A

Nutrition support

57
Q

Nutrition Assessment is

Objective, subjective, Factual, Historical

A

Subjective Historical

58
Q

systematic measurement of the size, shape, and composition of the human body. BMI

Laboratory tests or Anthropometric data

A

Anthropometric data

59
Q

Laboratory tests require ?

Glucose or Albumnemia

A

Albumnemia

60
Q

is a sign of kidney disease and means that you have too much albumin in your urine. Albumin is a protein found in the blood. ?

Glocuse or Albumnemia

A

Albumnemia

61
Q

What are the four componests of Nutrition Assessment

Objective , subjective, skin,, physical, Standard or Albumnemia data, laboratory tests, factual, or historical

A 
Historical
Subjective
Albumnemia data
physical exam
Laboratory test
62
Q 
Which is needed for infants and older
Height
Weight
Head circumference 
BMI
Body composition
Waist/Hip ratio
A

everything for infant

minus HC for older

63
Q

Underweight: ?

Optimal: ?

Overweight: ?

Obese: ?

Severely obese:?

18.5 to 25, 17.7 to 18.4, 30.1 – 40, >40.1, 25.1 – 30

A

17.7 to 18.4
18.5 to 25
25.1 – 30
30.1 – 40
>40.1

Health Assessment (8 decks)

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