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Year 2 MBChB Dermatology > Skin Function > Flashcards

Skin Function Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

State the visibility and wavelength of UVA and UVB radiation.

A 
UVA = visible + longer wavelength
UVB = invisible + shorter wavelength
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2
Q

Where does vitamin D metabolism take place in the skin?

A

Keratinocytes

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3
Q

Vitamin D is primarily taken in from the diet. True or False?

A

False - most is synthesised via skin processes

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4
Q

Explain how vitamin D is formed in the skin.

A

UVB radiation causes 7-dehydrocholesterol to be converted to cholecalciferol

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5
Q

How does the liver and kidneys store vitamin D which is the main hormone form?

A 
Liver = hydroxycholecalciferol
Kidneys = 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol = main form used in the body
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6
Q

The skin accounts for what % of tyrosine to T3 break down?

A

80%

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7
Q

Keratinocytes secrete what 2 molecules during inflammation?

A

AMPs

Cytokines/chemokines

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8
Q

Which chromosome codes for the MHC complex?

A

Chromosome 6

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9
Q

MHC class I cells + antigen + presents to?

A

All cells
Endogenous
CD8+

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10
Q

MHC class II cells + antigen + presents to?

A

APCs
Exogenous
CD4+

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11
Q

What T cells are found in the epidermis vs dermis?

A

CD8+

CD4+ and CD8+

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12
Q

Plasmacytoid DC secrete what molecule commonly found in diseased skin?

A

IFN alpha

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13
Q

What does a tumour suppressor gene do?

A

Negatively controls cell division

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14
Q

What is a proto-oncogene?

A

Normal gene which positively controls cell division

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15
Q

What is an oncogene?

A

Overactive mutated proto-oncogene

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16
Q

Does UVA and UVB cause direct or indirect damage to DNA + product + repair mechanism?

A 
UVA = indirect + oxidation + BER
UVB = direct + pyrimidine dimers + NER
17
Q

Signature UVA vs UVB mutation?

A

C changes to A

C changes to T

18
Q

Name the 4 stages of skin healing.

A

Haemostasis
Inflammation
Proliferation
Remodelling

19
Q

Name the 3 ways in which itch is controlled?

A

Chemical mediators
CNS mediators
Nerve transmission via unmyelinated C fibres

20
Q

Name the 4 types of itch + meaning.

A 
Pruritoceptive = trigger in skin
Neuropathic = nerve damage
Neurogenic = no nerve damage but CNS stimuated (e.g. chemical mediators)
Psychogenic = mental cause
21
Q

Th_ cells are associated with psoriasis
Th_ cells are associated with atopic dermatitis
Th_ cells are associated with psoriasis + atopic dermatitis

A

Th1
Th2
Th17

22
Q

Name the 2 essential types of vitamin D + their chemical name + where they come from.

A 
Vitamin D2 (egrocalciferol) = plants
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) = animal foods or skin

Year 2 MBChB Dermatology (8 decks)

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