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Year 2 MBChB Dermatology > Dermatology Drugs > Flashcards

Dermatology Drugs Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is the general rule of topical skin treatments + creams/lotions etc are examples of what?

A 
Ointment if dry
Cream if wet
Drug vehicles (the carrier NOT the drug itself)
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2
Q

What 3 things are creams made from + benefit?

A

Oil, water + preservative

Cooling

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3
Q

What 2 things are ointments made from + benefit?

A

Oil/grease + soft paraffin

Restrict water loss

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4
Q

What 2 things are gels made from?

A

Lotion + polymer

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5
Q

What topical treatment should EVERYONE use + how much per week + risk?

A

Emollients
500 g
Fire risk due to paraffin

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6
Q

Are topical steroids hydrophobic/philic and lipophilic/phobic?

A

Hydrophobic

Lipophilic

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7
Q

Summary of steroid mechanism?

A

Binds GR alpha subunit in cytoplasm
HSP90 dissociates
Importins translocate steroid to nucleus
Binds to GRE in promoter region of DNA

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8
Q

Name 6 skin S/Es of topical steroids.

A 
Atrophy
Infection
Stretch marks
Telangiectasia
Acne rosacea
Rebound psoriasis
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9
Q

Who is more affected by steroid atrophy + worst place?

A

Kids

Face

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10
Q

What is a fingertip + whole body measurement for topical steroids?

A

500 mg

20-30 g

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11
Q

Name a mild topical steroid.

A

Hydrocortisone 1%

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12
Q

Name a moderate topical steroid (+ product name).

A

Clobetasone butyrate 0.05% (Eumovate)

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13
Q

Name 2 potent topical steroids (+ product names).

A

Mometasone furoate 0.1% (Elocon)

Betamethasone valerate 0.1% (Betnovate)

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14
Q

Name a very potent steroid (+ product name) and 2 endocrine effects after stopping use.

A

Clobetasol propionate 0.05% (Dermovate)

Cushing’s and Addisonian withdrawal

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15
Q

Name an anti-yeast drug.

A

Nystatin

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16
Q

Name 5 anti-fungal drugs.

A 
Terbinafine
Amorolfine
Clotrimazole (Canestan)
Fluconazole
Itraconazole
17
Q

Name a drug used to soften keratin.

A

Salicylic acid

18
Q

Name 3 anti-pruritic drugs.

A

Menthol
Capsaicin
Camphor/Phenol

19
Q

Name 2 2nd gen. anti-histamines.

A

Loratadine

Cetirizine

20
Q

Name 2 mild acne topical treatments + what they are.

A

Benzoyl peroxide
Azelaic acid
Keratolytics + antibacterials

21
Q

What are topical retinoids + name 2.

A

Vitamin A derivatives
Tretinoin
Adapalene

22
Q

Name an oral retinoid + 3 S/Es.

A

Isotretinoin
Teratrogenic
Depression
Makes acne worse

23
Q

Name 2 calcneurin inhibitors.

A

Tacrolimus

Pimecrolimus

24
Q

Name 2 vitamin D analogues + 1 vitamin A analogue + 1 keratolytic used for psoriasis.

A

Calcipotriol
Calcitriol
Dithranol
Coal tar

25
Q

Name 3 drugs which can cause pustular drug eruptions.

A

Glucocorticoids
Androgens
Hypertensives

26
Q

Name 4 drugs which can cause fixed (round) drug eruptions.

A

Tetracycline antibiotics
Paracetamol
NSAIDs
Carbamazepine (anti-epileptic)

27
Q

Is the strateum corneum lipophilic/phobic + what drugs does it absorb + what can aid drug absorption?

A

Lipophilic
Hydrophobic
Excipients

28
Q

Name the 3 routes of administering skin medication + what is the principle mechanism for penetrating strateum corneum?

A

Topical, intradermal and subcutaneous

Intercellular (between corneocytes)

29
Q

What is the best absorption combination for drug + vesicle since it must leave the vesicle to be abdorbed?

A

Lipophillic drug

Hydrophillic/lipophobic vehicle

30
Q

Name 3 abx used for acne.

A

Doxycycline
Erythromycin
Clindamycin

31
Q

Rate of absorption of a topically administered drug = … ? Explain what the components represent.

A 
J = Kp x Cv
Kp = permeability coefficient
Cv = concn of drug in vehicle
32
Q

Name 2 drugs used for pre-cancerous lesions + brand names.

A

5-fluorouracil (Efudix)

Imiquimod (Aldara)

33
Q

Name 2 side effects of topical steroids getting into eyes.

A

Cataracts

Glaucoma

34
Q

Generally, a potent steroid should be used for …/… and mild/moderate should be used for …/…/…?

A

Trunk and limbs

Face, genitals and flexures

Year 2 MBChB Dermatology (8 decks)

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