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Dermatology > Skin Emergencies > Flashcards

Skin Emergencies Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is the management of anaphylaxis?

A

ABCDE
Adrenaline 1:1000 IM –> repeat after 5 mins if not better
Oxygen, fluids, monitor
IV chlorphenamine (antihistamine) + IV hydrocortisone

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2
Q

What is erythroderma?

A

Erythema covering > 90% of body surface

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3
Q

What are some causes of erythroderma?

A

Exfoliative erythroderma –> drugs
- allopurinol, antibiotics, carbamazepine, PPIs
Cutaneous T cell lymphoma
Erythrodermic psoriasis

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4
Q

What are some complications of erythroderma?

A

Tachycardia –> high output HF
Hyperthermia, chills
Lymphadenopathy

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5
Q

What is the general management of erythroderma?

A 
Thermoregulation
Correct fluids/electrolytes
Treat any infection
Emollients +++
Antihistmines for itch
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6
Q

Describe the pathophysiology in toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)

A

Keratinocyte necrosis –> large areas of epidermal and mucosal detachment

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7
Q

What % of body surface is effected in TEN?

A

> 30%

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8
Q

What is the management of TEN?

A 
Withdraw causative drug
Manage in burns unit/ICU
Fluids + electrolytes 
Thermoregulation
Minimise handling
IV Ig
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9
Q

What is the presentation of Steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS)?

A

Prodrome of respiratory symptoms –>

Erosions of mucosal surfaces and skin

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10
Q

What % of body surface is effected in SJS?

A

Up to 10%

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11
Q

Which other features may be seen in SJS?

A 
Haemorrhagic crusting of oral mucosa
Conjunctivitis
Pyrexia
Target lesions, macules, blistering
Dehydration
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12
Q

What is the course of SJS and how is it managed?

A

May persist for 4-6 weeks

Supportive treatment

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13
Q

What kind of rash in seen in meningococcal septicaemia?

A

Purpuric, non blanching

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14
Q

What is the treatment of suspected meningococcal septicaemia in primary care?

A

IM Benzylpenicillin

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15
Q

What is the treatment of suspected meningococcal septicaemia in secondary care?

A

ABCDE

IV Ceftriaxone

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16
Q

What is the management for necrotising fasciitis?

A

Urgent surgical debridement

High dose IV antibiotics

17
Q

What are some triggers for the development of pustular psoriasis?

A 
Pregnancy
Steroid withdrawal
Infection
Hypocalcaemia
Salicylates
Lithium
18
Q

What is the management of pustular psoriasis?

A 
Bed rest
Emollients
Fluids/protein
Acitretin or methotrexate
If pregnant --> prednisolone
19
Q

What are the clinical features of herpetic eczema?

A

Monomorphic punched out lesions

Fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy

20
Q

What is the treatment for herpetic eczema?

A

If severe –> urgent IV antiviral

Oral if less severe

Dermatology (18 decks)

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