Paediatric Dermatology Flashcards
What is a salmon patch?
Central macular erythematous patch
Facial (forehead, eyelids, nose) –> Angel’s kisses
Nuchal (scalp/back of neck) –> Stork mark
What is a port wine stain?
Unilateral, macular patch, usually on face
Persist lifelong
Which nerve pattern to port wine stains follow?
Trigeminal –> V1, V2 or V3
Which pattern of port wine stain should raise concerns and why?
V1 –> Sturge-Weber syndrome
What is Sturge-Weber syndrome?
V1 port wine stain + ipsilateral vascular malformation in brain (meninges and cortex)
What might be seen on an X-ray of the brain in Sturge-Weber syndrome?
Tramline effect
What are the clinical features of Sturge-Weber?
SEIZURES
Intellectual impairment
Hemiparesis
GLAUCOMA (up to 40% –> may lead to blindness)
What is an infantile haemangioma also known as?
Strawberry naevi
What are the features of strawberry naevi?
Pink/purple benign lesion
Appear within first month of line
Most undergo partial/total resolution
Which types of strawberry naevi would you worry about and how would it be managed?
Periocular –> may grown rapidly and obstruct vision
Over spinal cord –> may indicate spina bifida or cord tethering
–> Propranolol +/- steroids
What is a mongolian blue spot?
Blueish/grey pattern over lower back/buttocks
Can be mistaken for NAI
What are cafe au lait macules?
Macular, well-defined, pale brown, present at birth
When should you be concerns about cafe au lait macules and why?
Development of 2 patches under the age of 2
–> suggests neuroectodermal disease
What are the two most common neuroectodermal conditions?
Neurofibromatosis type 1
Tuberous sclerosis
What is the pattern of inheritance and chromosome implicated in NF1?
Autosomal dominant
Chromosome 17
