Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GI > skin diseases > Flashcards

skin diseases Flashcards

1
Q

@birth
> 1cm diameter

Increased risk of MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION (increased risk greatest for large lesions)
____________

CIRCULAR macules 
HETERGENEOUS colour  
palms, soles and mucous membranes
-Can develop into..?
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

DOMED pigmented nodules < 1cm
-Arise from JUNCT naevi uniform colour
-HOMOGENOUS colour
__________

develop few months
in KIDS @face / legs
-pink or red <1cm

A 
Congenital melanocytic naevi
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Junctional melanocytic naevi
-can develop into Compound naevi
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Compound naevi
__________

Spitz Naevus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Common and affect face and trunk

They have a central punctum, they may contain small quantities of sebum

The cyst lining is either normal epidermis (??? cyst)

OR

outer root sheath of hair follicle (??? cyst)

A

Epidermoid cysts

The cyst lining is either normal epidermis (epidermoid cyst)

OR

outer root sheath of hair follicle (pilar cyst)

THESE ARE BOTH SEBACEOUS CYSTS!!!!!!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Firm, hyperkeratotic lesions
Pinpoint petechiae centrally within the lesions
May coalesce with surrounding warts to form mosaic warts
Secondary to??

A

Verrucas

Secondary to HPV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

More commonly called Athlete’s foot

Affected skin is moist, flaky and itchy

A

Tinea pedis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

? is small areas of very thick skin secondary to a reactive hyperkeratosis

? is larger, broader and has a less well defined edge compared to above

A

Corn

calluses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

reactive arthritis -> thickening of the skin of the palms and soles
___________

sweat excess
damp and excessively smelly feet
-clusters of PUNCHED-OUT PITS
________

pustules @palms and soles
skin = thickened + red
#smokers
________

children = eczema

  • Soles = shiny and hard
  • Worse @summer
A

Keratoderma blennorrhagica
________

Corynebacterium Pitted keratolysis
___________

Palmo-Plantar Pustulosis
________

Juvenile plantar dermatosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

dark skin discoloration which usually occurs in pregnant women and those who are taking oral or patch contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy.

A

Melasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

hypopigmentation of the skin which usually occurs in children and young adults. It initially appears as pink scaly patches which later leave pale areas on the skin. This is usually more noticeable on darker skin.

A

Pityriasis alba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q 
FLAT pink and blotchy #vascular
Since BIRTH -> disappears by 2yr
-forehead/eyelids/neck nape
BLANCHES - 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
small BRIGHT Red LUMP 
NOT present @birth -->
develops @1st MONTH of life -->
Inc SIZE / VASC till 9 months
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Purple LUMP
Face as a purplish/red macule with irregular contours.
NOTTTTT resolve!!!!!

Assoc with intracranial vascular abnormalities like Sturge-Weber-Syndrome.

A

Salmon patch/stork mark/ NAEVUS simplex

Marks on the neck may persist.
______________

Strawberry naevus or capillary haemangioma
______________

Port wine stains AKA naevus flammeus - need cosmetics / laser therapy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

raised brown/black nodules which can be hairy

A

Melanocytic naevi are raised brown/black nodules which can be hairy and so are not the correct answer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

areas of bluish discolouration over the lower back and buttock which often disappear by 1 year of age.

A

Mongolian blue spots

They should be documented and highlighted to parents as they can be mistake for bruising.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Purple LUMP
Face as a purplish/red macule with irregular contours.

Assoc with intracranial vascular abnormalities like Sturge-Weber-Syndrome.

A

Port wine stains AKA naevus flammeus typically do NOT spontaneously resolve and require treatment with cosmetics or laser therapy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Acanthosis nigricans, which cancer?

A

Gastric cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Acquired icythosis , which cancer?

A

Lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Acquired hypertrichosis languinosa, which cancer?

A

GI and Lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dermatomyositis , which cancer?

A

Ovarian and lung czncer

17
Q

Erythema gyratum repens , which cancer?

A

Lung cancer

18
Q

Erythroderma , which cancer?

A

Lymphoma

19
Q

Migratory thrombophlebitis , which cancer?

A

Pancreatic cancer

20
Q

Necrolytic migratory erythema , which cancer?

A

Glucogonoma

21
Q

Pyoderma ganngrenosum

A

Myoproliferative

22
Q

Sweet syndrome

A

Harm cancers, myelodysplasia

23
Q

Tylosis

A

Oesophageal cancer

24
Q

smooth
mobile
painless

Size >5cm
Increasing size
Pain
Deep anatomical location

A

Lipoma - Ultrasound @ > 5cm

Liposarcoma

25
Q

inflammatory
nodules, pustules, SINUS tracts, and scars
in intertriginous areas (axilla of the arm, the anogenital region, skin folds of the breasts and between digits)

rupture, discharging purulent, smelly material

Coalescence of nodules can result in plaques, sinus tracts and ‘rope-like’ scarring.

Pubertal or post-pubertal patients who have a diagnosis of recurrent furuncles or boils, especially in intertriginous areas.

A

Hidradenitis suppurativa

Hygiene loose clothes, STOP Smoking, WL

Acute flares = steroids (intra-lesional or oral) or flucloxacillin.

IandD

Long-term disease =
top clinda / PO lyme / clinda / rifampicin.

Lumps that persist despite prolonged medical treatment are excised surgically.

26
Q

flesh to light-brown to black
have a ‘stuck-on’ appearance
keratotic plugs may be seen on the surface

A

Seb keratoses

curettage, cryosurgery and shave biopsy

27
Q

eczematous lesions on the sebum-rich areas:

scalp dandruff, periorbital, auricular and nasolabial folds

otitis externa and blepharitis may develop

A

Sebhorriec dermatitis

28
Q

small, crusty or scaly, lesions
may be pink, red, brown or the same colour as the skin
typically on sun-exposed areas e.g.

temples of head
multiple lesions may be present

A

Actinic keratoses

29
Q

volcano or crater
initially a smooth dome-shaped papule
rapidly grows to become a crater centrally-filled with keratin

A

Keratoacanthoma

Resolves in 3m but still excise cos csnt tell if its squamous cell cancer

30
Q

Benign lesion.
Firm elevated nodules.
Usually history of trauma.
Lesion consists of histiocytes, blood vessels and fibrotic changes.
Usually affect extremities of young adults
Lesions feel larger than they appear visually

A

Dermatofibroma

31
Q

Swelling in association with a tendon sheath commonly near a joint. They are common lesions in the wrist and hand.

A

Ganglion cyst

32
Q

affects the hands and arms
initially small, raised, red-blue papules
later may increase in size to 2-3 cm and become flat-topped and haemorrhagic

sheep and goats

A

Orf

33
Q

a superficial infection of the hair follicles, which develop into small inflammatory papules or pustules.

A

folliculitis

Pseudomonas aeruginosa @ hot tubs

34
Q

raised, boggy lesion of the SCALP.

It is due to an intense inflammatory reaction to RINGWORM which is then 2ndary infected.

There may be follicles discharging pus and formation of sinuses, and sometimes a large confluent lesion may involve a large part of the scalp.

A

Kerion

35
Q

subcutaneous larval invasion by the TUMBU fly in Africa (lesions on BUM and BODY), and the
BOTFLY in subtropical and tropical areas of the Americas (lesions on the scalp, face, and extremities).

The larvae form and develop within a boil-like swelling 1–2 cm in diameter.

A

Myiasis

36
Q

poor hygiene and malnutrition

small bullae or pustules on a reddish base are soon covered by a hard crust of dried exudate which increases in size.

The base may become hard, and the lesion is often surrounded by a red, swollen areola.

Removal of the crust is difficult and reveals an irregular purulent ulcer.

Healing occurs after a few weeks, leaving a scar.

associated with. The most common organisms are group A streptococci and coagulase-positive staphylococci.

A

Ecthyma

GI (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions