Skin Cancer Flashcards
Presentation of BCC
Slow growing painless nodule or non-healing ulcer
Translucent, pearly, telanciectasia
Don’t mets (but can be locally invasive)
Most common
Presentation of SCC
Warty/crusted non-healing ulcer, pain, grow faster, hyperkeratotic, bleed Faster growing Arise on sun damaged skin Mets to nodes and bone Doesn't respond to chemo
ABCDE of melanoma
Asymmetry (compare axes) Border Colour Diameter Evolution
Solar ageing and solar elastosis reflects what kind of damage?
UVA
Sunburn and solar lengto reflects what kind of damage?
UVB
Sun exposure patterns in different types of skin cancer
BCC and melanoma - intermittent intense sunburn episodes
SCC - cumulative
Genetic susceptibility to skin cancer
Xeroderma pigmentosum (DNA repair syndrome)
Albinism
Gorlin’s syndrome (multiple BCCs)
Xeroderma pigmentosum
DNA repair syndrome = susceptible to skin cancer
UV exposed sites
Neurodegeneration, photosensitivity
Gorlin’s syndrome
Autosomal dominant
Early onset/multiple BCCs
Jaw cysts, skeletal abnormalities, fibromas
UVB causes:
Direct DNA damage
UVA causes:
Indirect DNA damage
UV is a:
Complete carcinogen (mutagenic and immunosuppressive)
New treatment for melanoma
BRAF inhibitor
DNA damage activates:
p53
Mutation in p53 or NOTCH = SCC
Treatment of pre-malignancy
Cryotherapy
Surgery
5-FU, Imiquimod
Phototherapy
