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Dermatology > Dermatitis and Psoriasis and Others > Flashcards

Dermatitis and Psoriasis and Others Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Appearance of acute eczema

A 
Papulovesicular
Erythematous
Oedema
Ooze, weeping, scaling, crusting
Flexures, itch, dry
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2
Q

Appearance of chronic eczema

A

Lichenification
Elevated plaques
Scaling (hyperkeratosis)
Ill defined

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3
Q

Investigations for contact dermatitis

A

Patch testing (checked at 48 and 72 hours)

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4
Q

Irritant contact dermatitis

A

Repeated insults/irritation, e.g. soap

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5
Q

Appearance of nappy rash

A

Irritant contact dermatitis to urine

Ulceration, red, sparing of flexures

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6
Q

Cradle cap

A

Seborrheic eczema

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7
Q

Chronic changes to eczema

A

Excoriation (scratching)
Lichenification (markings)
Secondary infection (Staph)

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8
Q

Eczema herpeticum

A

Monomorphic punched out lesions = emergency

Herpes simplex virus = acyclovir

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9
Q

Treatment of eczema

A 
Avoid irritants (shower gel, soap)
Emollients
Topical steroids
Treat infection
UVB phototherapy
Immunosuppressants
Biologics
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10
Q

What causes atopic eczema?

A

Filaggrin mutation

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11
Q

Discoid eczema

A

Erythema, well defined coin lesions

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12
Q

Stasis eczema

A

Due to oedema, HF, varicose veins

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13
Q

Pompholyx eczema

A

Spongiotic vesicles
Hands
Acute eczema

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14
Q

Lichen simplex

A

Self induced by scratch

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15
Q

Appearance of psoriasis

A

Symetrical, extensors

Sharply demarcated, erythematous plaques, scaly

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16
Q

Guttate psoriasis

A

Well defined rain drop lesions

After Strep throat

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17
Q

Koebner phenomenon

A

Psoriases on sites of trauma

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18
Q

Nail signs of psoriasis

A

Pitting
Onycholysis
Dystrophy
Subungual hyperkeratosis

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19
Q

Treatment of psoriasis

A 
Vit D analogues (Calcitriol)
Coal tar
Steroids
Phototherapy
Retinoid
Immsup (mtx)
Biologics
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20
Q

treatment of guttate psoriasis

A

Emollient
Coal tar
Steroid
Phototherapy

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21
Q

Pathogenesis of acne

A

Blocked pilosebaceous units
Increased sebum
Androgens at puberty
P acnes

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22
Q

Appearance of acne

A

Face, back, chest
Comedones - open and closed
Pustules, papules, cysts, scarring

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23
Q

Treatment of acne

A

keratolytic/antibacterial (benzoyl peroxide)
Retinoid (Vit A derivative) - drying effect
Topical antibiotic - tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin
Oral retinoid - roaccutane (isotretinoin)

24
Q

Side effects of isotretinoin (roaccutane)

A

Initial aggravation of acne
Dry lips
Depression
Teratogenic

25
Q

Apperance of rosacea

A

Papules, pustules, nodules, erythema, telangiectasia, flushing
No comedones
Demodex mite

26
Q

Management of rosacea

A

Reduce: spicy foods, alcohol
Avoid steroids
Antibiotics: Metronidazole (1st line) Tetracycline
Isotretinoin

27
Q

Pemphigoid

A 
Elderly
Deep split through DEJ
Nikolsky negative
Tense blisters
Linear IgG on basement membrane
IgG attacks hemi-desmosomes
No mucosal lesions
28
Q

Pemphigus

A

Middle aged
Superficial lesions in epidermis
IgG against desmogelin = attacks desmosomes
Chickenwire IgG
Nikolsky positive - burst to leave erosions
Mucosa involved

29
Q

Treatment of pemphigus and pemphigoid

A

Steroids
Immsup (mtx)
Emollients
Tetracycline (pemphigoid)

30
Q

Obesity effects on skin

A

Dry
Increased androgens, increased sebum = acne, hirsutism, alopecia
Increased sweat production = irriation
Poor wound healing
Acanthosis nigricans
Skin tags associated with insulin resistance
Stretch marks

31
Q

Skin diseases aggravated by obesity

A

Lymphoedema (increased subQ fat = reduced lymph drainage = swelling, inflammation, fibrosis, infection)
Chronic venous insufficiency (resists venous return, leakage, ulcers)
Skin infections
Psoriasis

32
Q

Role of Vit A

A

Epithelial proliferation, keratinisation

33
Q

Vit A deficiency

A

Night blindness, dry eyes
Papules on thighs and upper arms
Dry skin

34
Q

Role of Vit D

A

Regulation of Ca and phosphate

35
Q

Vit D deficiency

A

Osteomalacia/Rickets

36
Q

Role of Vit K

A

Coagulation

37
Q

Vit K deficiency

A

Bleeding - purpura, easy bruising

38
Q

Role of Vit B2 (riboflavin)

A

Metabolism

39
Q

Vit B2 deficiency

A

Red skin, TEN, dry sore skin, painful red tongue

40
Q

Role of Vit B3 (niacin)

A

Metabolism

41
Q

Vit B3 deficiency (thiamine)

A

Pellagra

Dermatitis, Dementia, Diarrhoea

42
Q

Vit B1 (thiamine) deficiency

A

Beri-Beri

43
Q

Role of Vit B6

A

metabolism

44
Q

Vit B6 deficiency

A

Dermatitis, glossitis

45
Q

Role of Vitamin B9 and B12 (folic acid)

A

DNA/protein/lipid metbaolism

46
Q

B9/B12 deficiency (folic acid)

A

Anaemia

Neuro symptoms

47
Q

Role of Vit C (ascorbic acid)

A

Collagen formation in hair/bone/teeth

48
Q

Vit C deficiency

A

Fatigue, malaise, bone/muscle pain, poor wound healing

Hyperkeratosis

49
Q

Role of biotin

A

Cofactor for carboxylase enzymes

50
Q

Biotin deficiency

A

Dermatitis, glossitis, alopecia

51
Q

Role of zinc

A

Metabolism

Wound healing

52
Q

Zinc deficiency

A

Diarrhoea, alopecia, dry skin, growth retardation

53
Q

Marasmus

A

Global nutrient deficiency causing weight loss by fat breakdown
Thin, wasting, dry skin, alopecia

54
Q

Kwashiorkor

A

Lack of protein and fat = suppresses insulin production

Hypoproteinaemia, oedema, distended liver, hypopigmentation, pot belly

55
Q

Necrobiosis lipoidica

A

DM

56
Q

Which foods are excluded in gluten free diet?

A

Wheat
Barley
Rye

Dermatology (10 decks)

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