Skin and Systemic Disease Flashcards
what are some dermatological manifestations of diabetes
Necrobiosis lipoidica rubeosis diabetic dermopathy granuloma annulare vitiligo acanthosis nigricans lipodystrophy vascular changes xanthomata yellow skin dry and wet gangrene candidiasis necrotising fasciitis foot ulcers
what is necrobiosis lipoidica
brown/red/yellow raised shiny patch usually above tibia
with telangeictasia
what is diabetic dermopathy
atrophic hyperpigmented lesions on lower legs
what is granuloma annulare
pink raised annular lesions - usually on knuckles
what proportion of people with diabetes develop necrobiosis lipoidica
<1% of diabetics
what sex is more likely to get necrobiosis lipoidica and by how much
Females, 3:1
what are some dermatological manifestations of thyroid dysfunction
pretibial myxedema (hyperthyroidism) dry skin (hypothyroidism)
what is pretibial myxedema
pink/flesh coloured mucoid plaques seen on lower shins, marked exophthalmos may also be seen
what are some dermatological manifestations of SLE
acute malar rash in a butterfly distribution
what are some cutaneous manifestations of systemic cancers
acanthosis nigricans acquired ichthosis pyoderma gangrenosum dermatomyositis dermatitis herpetiformis generalised pruitis
what is acanthosis nigricans
velvety thickened hyperpigmented papillomatous ‘dirty’ looking skin - usually in flexors
in what conditions is acanthosis nigricans seen and when would you be suspicious of malignancy
insulin resistance and metabolic syndromes as well as GI malignancy
hyperacute onset + severe symptoms, usually on mucous membranes and palms
what kinds of cancers is acanthosis nigricans associated with
GI cancers - specifically gastric carcinomas
what is acquired ichthyosis
dry rough skin with scaling
what cancer is particularly associated with acquired ichythosis
Hodgkins lymphoma
what is pyoderma gangrenosum
ulcerative skin disease causing an acute onset painful pustule/nodule arising after minor trauma
presents with a rapidly enlarging ragged border and a necrotic center
what systemic diseases is pyoderma gangrenosum associated with
RA crohns diverticulitis chronic active hepatitis behcets diseae malignancy
what malignancies is pyoderma gangrenosum associated with
haemotological maligancies
how do you treat pyoderma gangrenosum
find/treat underlying disease
topical/oral steroids may be helpful + emmolients
ciclosporin may be used as final option
what is dermatomyositis
subset of polymyosistis with distincitive skin change where it changes to a lilac discolouration around eyes, malar erythema, some also get slightly atrophic lilac papules over the knuckles, streaks of erythema over extensor tendons, ragged cuticles + periungal telangiectasia
what causes dermatomyositis
autoantibodies to striated muscle
what are some symptoms of dermatomyositis
skin changes
progressive proximal muscle weakness
what indicates a good prognosis for dermatomyositis
calcinosis
what proportion of patients with dermatomyositis have an underlying malignancy
30%
what are some biochemical markers for dermatomyositis
elevated Creatine phosphokinase
what test detects muscular abnormalities for suspected dermatomyositis
electromyography
muscular biopsy