Skin Flashcards
- most common skin cancer
- waxy, pearly, indurated, rodent ulcer
Basal cell
- skin cancer
- irregular, flaky (actinic keratosis)
Sqauamous cell
- skin cancer
- pigmented
- multicolor
- MOST invasive skin cancer
Melanoma
Precancerous lesions
Actinic keratosis - yellow
Leukoplakia - white
Folliculitis
Irritated hair follicles (groin, neck)
Psoriasis
- silver scales (most significant feature is psoriatic plaques)
- pitted nails
- occurs on extensors
- 15% joint involvement
- hyperuricemia
Eczema
- contact dermatitis
- remove agent
- flexors
- “hold things with your flexors, therefore flexors get contact dermatitis”
3 diseases that destroy joints
OA- ones who abuse
RA- hereditary; systemic
Psoriatic - aggressive and mean
Pediculosis
- lice (nits)
- special shampoo is used; then used again one week later to kill nits
Scabies
- love warm damp, hairy spots
- ‘furrow and burrow in with all their mites”
Tinea capitis
- ringworm
- “fungus among us”
Lyme disease
Spirochete carried by ticks
Bite => erythema migrans => central clearing => bull’s eye for 2-3 weeks
Erysipelas
- purple
- strep
- shiny red vesicles
- fever
- patches
Pityriasis Rosea
“Such a pity they have a herald patch”
- herald patch
- 10-30 years old
- fatigued
- post viral infection
- comes on fast
- recedes slowly
- on the torso => branches out into a Christmas tree
Seborrheic Dermatitis
- dandruff on steroids
- scaly
- oily
- itchy
- erythema
- painful (skinalgia)
- binds hair (cradle cap)
- blepharitis
- tx: shampoo (sulfur and aspirin), steroid cream
Dermatomyositis
Rash (heliotrope [sun sensitive])
Eyelids and knuckles
SLE
- butterfly rash (malar) heliotrope [sun sensitive]
- eyelids are preserved
Acne
Vulgaris - young; puberty
Rosacea - Nosey Rosey (bulbous unilateral nose growth); rhinoplasty
Impetigo
- staph and strep
- primary (vesicle and bulla)
- secondary: crusty
Impetigo vs B2 riboflavin problems
Impetigo: erupts and oozes, crusty/honeycomb, very contagious
B2 riboflavin problem: cheilosis; not contagious
Tinea Versicolor
- subcutaneous fungus causing white patches
- shows up in the summer
Vitiligo
Patchy absence of melanin
- 20’s and 30’s
Lichenification
- thickened epidermis induced by scratching (washboard)
- precancerous
Epidermal nevus
- group of hamartomas
- brown
- flat
- warty
Hemangioma
- red elevated birth mark
Mongolian
Flat, dark region
Cafe au lait
- fibrous dysplasia (coast of Maine) (affects a single bone)
- neurofibromatosis (coast of California)(von recklinghouse disease) (growing; significant problem)
Purple list
Kapossi sarcoma - vessel cancer; purple black appearance; opportunistic cancer
Erysipelas - strep; so red they look purple
Lichen planus — oral: white, glossitis — nail: ridges — purple skin: wrist, ankles — purple papules
Stomatitis
Mouth lesions
Fordyce spot
Yellow
- mouth lesion
Aphthous stomatitis
Yellow center, red halo
Canker sore/ cold sore
Acrodynia
Mercury poisoning - children
- mouth lesion
Mechanical mouth lesions
- dentures, mouth appliances
Glossitis
Swollen large tongue
Often vitamin B deficiency
Leukoplakia
White, cannot peel it off
Hairy leukoplakia
- white, can peel it off (sort of)
Thrush
White (can peel off)
Diphtheria
Pseudo membrane in throat
Exotoxin
Scarlet fever
Beefy red tongue
Herpes
Vesicles, prodrome (itchy)
Koplik
White spots on erythematous base
Cleft palate
- anomaly of soft, hard, or both palates
-onychia
Inflammation of nail folds
Clubbing nails
- COPD, cancer, RA
—all three related to hypoxia
Onychocryptosis
Ingrown toenails
Pitted nails
Psoriasis
— “silver scales, pitted nails, and it occurs on extensors….PSORIASIS”
Transverse grooves on nails
- Beaux lines
- indicative of systemic illness
Pachyonychia
Thickened nail beds
Paronychia and onychia
Inflammation around nail bed
Leukonychia
White nail bed, red mood
- “switching of moon”
Splinter hemorrhages
SBE (subacute bacterial endocarditis)[strep infection]
—painful Osler’s nodes on tips of digits
Koilonychia
- “coil grows up”
- iron deficiency and fungus (lifting of the nail bed)
Onychomycosis
Fungal infection
Common in geriatrics
