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NBS Boards 2 Associated Clinical Science > Female > Flashcards

Female Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Skene’s glands

A

Paraurethral

— female

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2
Q

Bartholin’s glands

A

Vulvovaginal (female)

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3
Q

Prolactin

A

Milk PROduction

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4
Q

Oxytocin

A

Uterine contraction

Breast relaxation “lets milk down”

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5
Q

Monophasic

A

No ovulation

Progesterone

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6
Q

Corpus luteum

A

Estrogen (food) and progesterone (organization)

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7
Q

Corpus albicans

A

Fibrosus of corpus luteum

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8
Q

Corpus atretica

A

Shrink

Eggs that don’t get picked to ovulate

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9
Q

Worst location of cancer for female

A

Broad ligament

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10
Q

Endometrium

A

Innermost layer
All about food (RBC and sugar)
Controlled by estrogen

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11
Q

Myometrium

A

Contracts in menses and birth

Controlled by oxytocin

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12
Q

Perimetrium

A

Outermost layer

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13
Q

Bandel’s ring

A

Fibrous ring around uterus

— not a big deal until pregnancy

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14
Q

Adnexal pain

A

Pain located over the ovaries

- DDX: ovarian cyst, endometriosis, ectopic pregnancy, pregnancy

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15
Q

Placenta previa

A

Low lying placenta
Painless
C-section recommended to prevent hemorrhaging

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16
Q

Placenta abruptio

A

Detached placenta (painful)

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17
Q

Placenta accreta

A
  • retained placenta

“Bad”

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18
Q

Placenta increta

A

In uterine muscle

“Badder”

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19
Q

Placenta percreta

A

Through uterine muscle

“Baddest”

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20
Q

Add 28 day cycle picture

A

-

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21
Q

Bimanual evaluation

A
  • tenderness
  • tumor
  • fetus position
  • ovary, tubes
  • uterus
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22
Q

Speculum exam

A
  • discharge
  • vagina
  • cervix
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23
Q

Cystocele

A

Weakness of anterior vaginal wall (causing bulge) from bladder tissue

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24
Q

Rectocele

A

Herniation of rectum into posterior wall of vagina

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25
Q

Cervical shape

A 
Round, oval (pre-pregnancy)
Slit like (post pregnancy)
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26
Q

Cervical conditions

A 
Warts
Polyps
Cysts 
Cervicitis (discharge)
Cancer
27
Q

PID

A

Multiple agent causes from poor hygiene and STD’s

- inflammation of Fallopian tubes => salpingitis => PID

28
Q

Ruptured tubal pregnancy

A
  • usually caused by previous infection and scarring of cilia in Fallopian tubes accompanied with unilateral adnexal pain and tenderness

Usual signs of pregnancy
Absent or low HCG

29
Q

Mittelschmerz

A

Ovulation pain, middle of the cycle

30
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

Difficult menses

31
Q

Dyspareunia

A

Difficult intercourse

32
Q

Dystocia

A

Difficult delivery

33
Q

Procidentia

A

Prolapse uterus (overflow incontinence)

34
Q

Endometriosis

A

Ectopic endometrium
Progressive dysmenorrhea
Late period

35
Q

Toxemia of pregnancy

A

All about kidney

Dependent edema AND

  1. Pre-eclampsia: HEP
  2. Eclampsia: HEP + convulsions

HEP = hypertension, edema, proteinuria

36
Q

Involution melancholia

A 
Menopause (shrinkage) (atrophied vaginitis/vulvitis)
Hot flashes (progesterone low)
37
Q

Increased HCG conditions

A
  1. Twins
  2. Hydatidiform mole - benign problem
  3. Choriocarcinoma - cancer problem
38
Q

Toxic shock syndrome

A

Staph infection

39
Q

Side effects of hormone replacement therapy?

A

Clots and bleeding

40
Q

Imperforate hymen

A

Cryptomennorhea

—blood builds up during first few menses because hymen doesn’t let it out

41
Q

Baby’s location by trimester

A
  1. High
  2. Low
  3. High
42
Q

EDC

A

Estimated day of confinement

43
Q

Nagel’s rule

A

LMP + 7 days + 9 months

44
Q

Conjugate

A

Measurement of pelvic birth canal (pubis to sacrum)

45
Q

Location of fertilization

A

Ampulla

46
Q

How long does implantation take?

A

7-10 days

47
Q

HCG effects

A

Causes persistence of corpus luteum and prevents menstruation, chorion, trophoblast, seminoma (males)

48
Q

Chadwicks sign

A

Bluish congested vagina (first sign)

49
Q

Chadlin’s sign

A

Softening of cervix

50
Q

1st stage of labor

A

1st contraction => full dilation (10 cm)(longest stage)

51
Q

2nd stage of labor

A

Dilation => delivery of fetus (vertex presentation)

52
Q

3rd stage of labor

A

Delivery of fetus => expel placenta

53
Q

4th stage of labor/ puerperium

A

4-6 weeks postpartum up to 3 months

After delivery, mother is vulnerable to hemorrhage (placental tearing/separation) and infection = puerperal sepsis (high fever, abdominal tenderness)

54
Q

Lochia

A

(1-2) weeks: discharge through puerperium first is lochia rubra (reddish), then lochia serosa (yellow), then lochia alba (clear)

55
Q

Chloasma

A

Aka melasma

Facial mask

56
Q

Linea nigra

A

Belly pigmentation

57
Q

Braxton hicks

A

False contractions after 3 months

58
Q

Quickening

A

Mother feels baby move; starts around month 3

59
Q

Station

A

Fetal descent during labor

Ischial spine = 0

60
Q

Lightening

A

Descent two weeks before labor

61
Q

Cervical plug

A

Mucous plug

AKA operculum

62
Q

Effacement

A

Thinning of cervix

63
Q

Cesarean

A

Active vaginal infections is a good reason for C- section

NBS Boards 2 Associated Clinical Science (17 decks)

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